Abstract
Nutrient addition affects the available content of soil nutrients and the structure and diversity of soil microorganisms. However, there are few studies on how added nutrients affect the microorganisms in Torreya grandis soil. In this study, we established a 3-month experiment to explore the bacterial and fungal communities in bulk and rhizosphere soil of T. grandis subjected to different levels of N/P/K fertilization for 3 months. Fertilization resulted in structural and functional changes of bacterial and fungal communities. In bulk soil, fertilization treatment reduced the abundance of Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadetes but increased that of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Basidiomycota. The abundance of Chloroflexi was reduced by all the fertilization treatments in rhizosphere soil. The sulfoglycolysis and superpathway of L-tryptophan biosynthesis were reduced by all fertilizer treatment in rhizosphere soil. In bulk soil, the pathway of fungi, phospholipases, phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis II (non-plastidic), and phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis I (plastidic) was increased by all fertilizer treatment, while octane oxidation and adenine and adenosine salvage III were reduced. In rhizospheric soil, most of the fungi pathways decreased under fertilizer treatment. Chemical properties of soil were significantly affected by changes in fertilization levels. These results provided new insights into the relationship between the increase of soil fertilizer and changes in microbial community in forest ecosystems.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Bullet Edits (http://www.bulletedits.cn/) for editing this manuscript. 16S and ITS Amplicon sequencing service was provided by Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
Funding
This work was supported by the “Pioneer” and “Leading Goose” R&D Program of Zhejiang (2022C02061and 2022C02009), Cooperative forestry science and technology project of Zhejiang Provincial Academy (2022SY14), the National Key R&D Program of China (SQ2022YFD2200005), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171830), Scientific R&D Foundation for Talent Start-up Project of Zhejiang A&F University (2020FR073), and National Forestry and Grassland Administration (2020TS02).
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C. Y.: conceptualization, methodology, resources, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, visualization, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. Q. W.: conceptualization, resources, visualization, data curation, writing—review and editing. C. K.: conceptualization, resources, visualization, data curation. Y. G.: conceptualization, methodology, resources. Y. L.: data curation, methodology. R. Z.: conceptualization, funding acquisition. H. Q.: conceptualization, methodology, visualization, supervision, writing—review and editing, project administration, funding acquisition. J. W.: conceptualization, methodology, resources, visualization, supervision, writing—review and editing, project administration, funding acquisition
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Yu, C., Wang, Q., Kong, C. et al. Changes in Soil Bacterial and Fungal Community Composition and Response of Functional Groups to Different Proportions of N/P/K Fertilizer Short-Term Supply in Torreya grandis Soil. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 23, 6738–6753 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01530-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01530-x