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Improvement of floricultural traits in ornamental crops using genome editing tools

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Abstract

Floriculture is one of the most promising sectors of the horticulture industry with immense aesthetic, social, medicinal and economic value. Ornamentals are rich in natural pigments and they belong to diverse groups with distinct biochemical pathways. Recently, genome editing has gained significant attention owing to its potential in modifying the traits in plants. Development of in vitro transformation protocols coupled with availability of gene sequences for commercial traits could accelerate the improvement of cut flowers, particularly, chrysanthemum, rose, lily, freesia, gerbera, tulip, carnation, alstroemeria, hydrangea and lisianthus. In this review, we discussed about basic mechanism of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–CRISPR-associated (CRISPR-Cas) systems, its types and its potential in accelerating breeding programmes for improvement of ornamental crops.

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Abbreviations

CRISPR/Cas9:

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats

crRNAs:

CRISPR RNAs

tracrRNA:

Trans-acting CRISPR RNA

PAM:

Protospacer adjacent motif

gRNA:

Guide RNA

TALEN:

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases

ZFN:

Zinc finger nucleases

ssDNA:

Single-stranded (ss) DNA

RuvC:

Resolvase

CRISPRa:

CRISPR activation

CRISPRi:

CRISPR interference

RFN:

RNA-guided FokI nuclease

FLS:

Enzyme flavonol synthase

DFR:

Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase

nptII:

Neomycin phosphotransferase

DFR-B:

Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase-B

CCD4:

Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase

F3H:

Flavanone 3-hydroxylase

RNPs:

Ribonucleoproteins

PDS:

Phytoene desaturase

ACO:

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase

CAT:

Catalase

POD:

Peroxidase

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

RGEN:

RNA-guided endonuclease

SI:

Self-incompatibility

SLF:

Pollen-specific S-locus F-box

SCF:

Skp1–Cullin1–F-box

CUL1-P:

Cullin1 subunit

PiSSK1:

Skp1 subunit

CAGR:

Compound annual crop rate

AMD:

Age-related macular degeneration

CCDs:

Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase

NCED:

9-Cis epoxy carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase

EIN:

Ethylene insensitive

ORP:

Oxysterol-binding protein

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Director, ICAR-DFR, Pune in facilitating the work.

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  1. ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural Research, Pune, Maharashtra, 411036, India

    Pritam Ramesh Jadhav, D. Harish, Yogesh S. Wagh, P. Naveen Kumar, Prashant G. Kawar, K. V. Prasad & S. P. Jeevan Kumar

  2. School of Agriculture, SR University, Warangal, Telangana, 506371, India

    Supriya Babasaheb Aglawe

  3. ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500030, India

    Kalyani M. Barbadikar

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Jadhav, P.R., Aglawe, S.B., Harish, D. et al. Improvement of floricultural traits in ornamental crops using genome editing tools. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 32, 773–790 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-023-00851-3

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