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Porous current collector enables carbon superior electrochemical performance for K-ion capacitors

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Abstract

The current collector is an indispensable component in potassium-ion hybrid capacitors, which not only provides mechanical support to load electrode materials, but also collects and outputs the current generated. Herein, we investigate the effect of three different current collectors on the electrochemical properties of potassium ion capacitors using carbon black anode as a demonstration. Because of better adhesion and lower charge transfer resistance, the specific capacity of half-cells assembled using three-dimensional (3D) porous copper foil (PCu) and copper as current collector is better than that of Al foil, which stabilizes at 138.2 and 132.8 mAh·g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.05 A·g−1. The potassium-ion capacitor assembled using PCu exhibits an excellent energy/power density of 86.1 Wh·kg−1 and 4000 W·kg−1, respectively. This work will boost the rational design and provide an effective strategy to improve the performance of potassium-ion capacitors.

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摘要

集流体是钾离子混合电容器不可或缺的组成部分, 它不仅承载电极活性材料, 而且起着连接外部电路与内部电化学反应的重要作用。本文使用炭黑材料为负极, 研究了三种不同集流体 (多孔铜PCu、Cu箔、Al箔) 对钾离子电容器电化学性能的影响。结果表明, 由于更好的附着力和更低的电荷转移阻抗, 使用多孔铜箔作为集流体组装的半电池的电化学性能更优; 使用 PCu 组装的钾离子电容器的能量密度和功率密度分别为 86.1 Wh·kg−1 和 4000 W·kg−1。这项工作将为钾离子电容器的合理设计及性能提升提供一种有效策略。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFE0198100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52072145 and 51802111), the Research Program on Science and Technology from the Education Department of Jilin Province (Nos. JJKH20220439KJ and JJKH20210450KJ), Jilin Talent Development Funding (No. 2021Y027), the Funding of Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission (No. 2020C026-2) and Special Projects of the Central Government in Guidance of Local Science and Technology Development (No. 202002017JC). M. Liu would like to acknowledge Funding of JLNU Innovation Program for Graduate Education (No. 202016).

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  1. Mei-Qi Liu and Hui-Ming Li have contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Material of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Changchun, 130103, China

    Mei-Qi Liu, Hui-Ming Li, Jin-Fu Zhao, Li-Min Chang, Luan Fang, Mei-Qi Hou, Hai-Rui Wang, Tian-Hao Xu & Ping Nie

  2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Zai-Yuan Le

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Liu, MQ., Li, HM., Le, ZY. et al. Porous current collector enables carbon superior electrochemical performance for K-ion capacitors. Rare Met. 42, 134–145 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02111-0

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