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Particulate Matter-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction: A Mechanistic Insight

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Abstract

Air pollution and particulate matter (PM) are significant factors for adverse health effects most prominently cardiovascular disease (CVD). PM is produced from various sources, which include both natural and anthropogenic. It is composed of biological components, organic compounds, minerals, and metals, which are responsible for inducing inflammation and adverse health effects. However, the adverse effects are related to PM size distribution. Finer particles are a significant cause of cardiovascular events. This review discusses the direct and indirect mechanisms of PM-induced CVD like myocardial infarction, the elevation of blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. The two potential mechanisms are oxidative stress and systemic inflammation. Prenatal exposure has also been linked with cardiovascular outcomes later in life. Moreover, we also mentioned the epidemiological studies that strongly associate PM with CVD.

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Acknowledgements

We want to thank anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and recommendations in improving the quality of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departmetnt of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall Road, Kachari Chowk, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan

    Noor Ul Ain

  2. Integrated Genomics, Cellular, Developmental, and Biotechnology Laboratory (IGCDBL), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan

    Safi Ur Rehman Qamar

  3. Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Lak Si, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand

    Noor Ul Ain & Safi Ur Rehman Qamar

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  1. Noor Ul Ain
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Noor and Safi conceived the idea, gathered data from literature and written the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Safi Ur Rehman Qamar.

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Ain, N.U., Qamar, S.U.R. Particulate Matter-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction: A Mechanistic Insight. Cardiovasc Toxicol 21, 505–516 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-021-09652-3

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