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A review on heavy metal biosorption utilizing modified chitosan

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Abstract

Heavy metal pollution in water bodies is a global concern. The prominent source of metal contamination in aqueous streams and groundwater is wastewater containing heavy metal ions. Elevated concentrations of heavy metals in water bodies can have a negative impact on water quality and public health. The most effective way to remove metal contaminants from drinking water is thought to be adsorption. A deacetylated derivative of chitin, chitosan, has a wide range of commercial uses since it is biocompatible, nontoxic, and biodegradable. Due to its exceptional adsorption behavior toward numerous hazardous heavy metals from aqueous solutions, chitosan and its modifications have drawn a lot of interest in recent years. Due to its remarkable adsorption behavior toward a range of dangerous heavy metals, chitosan is a possible agent for eliminating metals from aqueous solutions. The review has focused on the ideas of biosorption, its kinds, architectures, and characteristics, as well as using modified (physically and chemically modified) chitosan, blends, and composites to remove heavy metals from water. The main objective of the review is to describe the most important aspects of chitosan-based adsorbents that might be beneficial for enhancing the adsorption capabilities of modified chitosan and promoting the usage of this material in the removal of heavy metal pollutants.

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Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

Abbreviations

DMSO :

Dimethyl sulphoxide

CCB :

Chitosan cross-linked bentonite beads

CCGP :

Chitosan–grafted–polyaniline composite

CAN :

Chitosan-g-acrylonitrile

CS–MAA :

Chitosan methacrylic acid

TMCD :

Thiourea-modified chitosan derivative

EMCR :

Ethylenediamine-modified magnetic cross-linking chitosan microspheres

MCGO :

Magnetic chitosan and graphene oxide

KSF-CTS :

Chitosan-montmorillonite

CTS/REC :

Chitosan and rectorie cross-linked composite

COCB :

Chitosan–oxalate complex biosorbent

CTS-PVA :

Chitosan and poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel

CCGP :

Cross-linked–chitosan–grafted–polyaniline composite

CGP :

Chitosan–grafted–polyaniline composite

M-CTS :

Methyl methacrylate grafted with cross-linked chitosan

DEO :

Water soluble diepoxy compound 1,2:7,8-diepoxyoctane

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the facilities provided by the Vice-chancellor of Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Science, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201312, India

    Shiv Shankar & Sarita Joshi

  2. Department of Environmental Science, College of Basic Science and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India

    Rajeev Kumar Srivastava

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  1. Shiv Shankar
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Contributions

The first author, Shiv Shankar, wrote the manuscript and formulated and designed the study. The corresponding author, Sarita Joshi, wrote the manuscript and prepared the figures and tables. The co-author, Rajeev Kumar Srivastava, reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sarita Joshi.

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Highlights

•Chitosan is the second most abundant biopolymer found in nature.

•Production of chitosan from chitin obtained from different sources is discussed.

•Various physical and chemical agents for modifications of chitosan are reviewed.

•The advantages of cross-linking and grafting of chitosan are reviewed.

•Disposal of spent chitosan composites is discussed.

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Shankar, S., Joshi, S. & Srivastava, R.K. A review on heavy metal biosorption utilizing modified chitosan. Environ Monit Assess 195, 1350 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11963-7

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