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Vitamin D and Phosphate Interactions in Health and Disease

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Phosphate Metabolism

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1362))

Abstract

Vitamin D plays an essential role in calcium and inorganic phosphate (Pi) homeostasis, maintaining their optimal levels to assure adequate bone mineralization. Vitamin D, as calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D), not only increases intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption but also facilitates their renal reabsorption, leading to elevated serum calcium and phosphate levels. The interaction of 1,25(OH)2D with its receptor (VDR) increases the efficiency of intestinal absorption of calcium to 30–40% and phosphate to nearly 80%. Serum phosphate levels can also influence 1,25(OH)2D and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels, i.e., higher phosphate concentrations suppress vitamin D activation and stimulate parathyroid hormone (PTH) release, while a high FGF23 serum level leads to reduced vitamin D synthesis. In the vitamin D-deficient state, the intestinal calcium absorption decreases and the secretion of PTH increases, which in turn causes the stimulation of 1,25(OH)2D production, resulting in excessive urinary phosphate loss. Maintenance of phosphate homeostasis is essential as hyperphosphatemia is a risk factor of cardiovascular calcification, chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and premature aging, while hypophosphatemia is usually associated with rickets and osteomalacia. This chapter elaborates on the possible interactions between vitamin D and phosphate in health and disease.

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Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank Dr. Margo Wolfe for carefully reading the manuscript and providing useful suggestions.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

    Nuraly S. Akimbekov & Dinara K. Sherelkhan

  2. Institute for Bioengineering FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich, Germany

    Ilya Digel

  3. Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, USA

    Mohammed S. Razzaque

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  1. Professor of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, USA

    Mohammed S. Razzaque

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Akimbekov, N.S., Digel, I., Sherelkhan, D.K., Razzaque, M.S. (2022). Vitamin D and Phosphate Interactions in Health and Disease. In: Razzaque, M.S. (eds) Phosphate Metabolism . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1362. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91623-7_5

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