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Production of Thrombolytic and Fibrinolytic Proteases: Current Advances and Future Prospective

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Bioprospecting of Enzymes in Industry, Healthcare and Sustainable Environment

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death, globally. Thrombolytic and fibrinolytic therapies are effective treatments to dissolve the blood clots, improve the blood flow rate, and thereby, prevent tissue and organ damage. The advent of thrombolytic therapy, facilitated in easing the huge burden of cardiovascular diseases on the medical practitioners and provided them with a potential treatment for diseases like pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction and deep vein thrombosis. Among all the thrombolytics, protease like Streptokinase, Urokinase, Nattokinase, and Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) holds the majority. Thrombolytics are used as curative agents rather than prophylactics, administered to the site of blockage intravenously, or via long catheter or as dietary supplements. Despite the huge demand for thrombolytics, several factors like strain instability, cost-effectiveness, and lack of infrastructure contribute to the insufficient supply by the production units. Since, conventional production methods are inadequate to meet the spiking demands, high-throughput techniques like genetically engineered strains and fermentative methods are currently being preferred. Here, we discuss some present high-throughput production techniques, and also give an insight into potential ways of improving the yield, not only by adapting to high-throughput technologies but also by considering the eco-evolutionary history of the production strains.

Sabuj Sahoo was deceased at the time of publication.

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Acknowledgment

The authors are thankful to the Head, Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University and Center for Environment Climate Change & Public Health, COE under RUSA-2.0 for providing necessary facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Susmita Ghosh, Saheli Saha & Sabuj Sahoo

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  1. Susmita Ghosh
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  2. Saheli Saha
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  3. Sabuj Sahoo
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, North Orissa University, Baripada, Odisha, India

    Hrudayanath Thatoi

  2. Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Sonali Mohapatra

  3. Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Swagat Kumar Das

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Ghosh, S., Saha, S., Sahoo, S. (2021). Production of Thrombolytic and Fibrinolytic Proteases: Current Advances and Future Prospective. In: Thatoi, H., Mohapatra, S., Das, S.K. (eds) Bioprospecting of Enzymes in Industry, Healthcare and Sustainable Environment. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4195-1_17

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