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Mycoremediation: A Natural Solution for Unnatural Problems

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Fungal diversity, ecology and control management

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

The rapid and unchecked human population growth has contributed to accelerated urbanization and industrialization causing severe environmental consequences. Human activities such as agriculture, industrial, forest fires, sewage and waste disposal, ocean oil spills, surface petroleum pollution, crude oil transport incidents, etc., aid in the incremental production of persistent-toxic contaminants, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, fungicides, antibiotics in various ecosystem niches. Mycoremediation is an ecofriendly and relatively cheaper way to manage all these pollutants and restore the ecosystem. Biological approaches based on industrial and environmental biotechnology focus on the creation of "clean technologies" which emphasize in some useful way on maximum output, reduced waste generation, waste treatment and conversion. Further, these clean technologies focus on the use of biological methods for the remediation of waste. One such biological method is mycoremediation, which is based on the use of fungi and mushrooms to remove waste from the environment. It is an in situ remediation strategy that utilizes the ability of the fungus to recycle. Fungal associations in nature are known to break down complex substances into simpler ones by producing a wide range of extracellular enzymes that are well exploited for toxic waste degradation and remediation of polluted sites. This chapter deals with different sources of pollutants and ecological niches where mycoremediation can be exploited. Also, different fungi used for mycorestoration and their mechanism will be discussed. An attempt has also been made to highlight past experiences in which mycoremediation has proved to be an effective and beneficial strategy for restoring the ecosystem.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Organic Farming, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India

    Gurudatt M. Hegde

  2. Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Sanghmitra Aditya

  3. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Sherubtse College, Royal University of Bhutan, Kanglung, Trashigang, Bhutan

    Dechen Wangdi

  4. Department of Environment and Life Sciences, Sherubtse College, Royal University of Bhutan, Kanglung, Trashigang, Bhutan

    Bimal Kumar Chetri

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  1. Gurudatt M. Hegde
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  2. Sanghmitra Aditya
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  3. Dechen Wangdi
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  4. Bimal Kumar Chetri
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Delhi, Hansraj College, Delhi, India

    Vijay Rani Rajpal

  2. University of Delhi, Hansraj College, Delhi, India

    Ishwar Singh

  3. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, and Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Shrishail S. Navi

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Hegde, G.M., Aditya, S., Wangdi, D., Chetri, B.K. (2022). Mycoremediation: A Natural Solution for Unnatural Problems. In: Rajpal, V.R., Singh, I., Navi, S.S. (eds) Fungal diversity, ecology and control management. Fungal Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8877-5_17

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