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Microbial Biofertilizers and Biopesticides: Nature’s Assets Fostering Sustainable Agriculture

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Recent Developments in Microbial Technologies

Part of the book series: Environmental and Microbial Biotechnology ((EMB))

Abstract

Natural products obtained from microbes, plants and animals find their potential use as biofertilizers and biopesticides sustaining and enhancing crop production and protection. Among them microbes and their metabolites with excellent plant growth-promoting and biocontrol properties have been identified, mass produced successfully, appropriately formulated and are commercially available for use. Compounds of microbial origin which make them efficient biofertilizers and biopesticides enhancing plant growth and providing protection from various biotic and abiotic stress include production of plant growth-promoting hormones like auxins, giberrelins, cytokinins and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD); production of antagonistic compounds such as antibiotics, crystal proteins, hydrolytic enzymes, siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, etc. Additionally, these beneficial microbes also compete for food and habitat with phytopathogens or parasitize the pests and eliminate them. Majority of the microbes and their bioactive molecules are target specific, eco-friendly and biodegradable and play an important role in preserving the ecosystem. These eco-friendly natural products could either supplement or replace the hazardous agrochemicals thereby minimize or nullify their use. Screening and selection of the microbial strains based on its geographical origin will make the bioformulation more suitable for a particular agroclimatic condition, and this needs intensive studies on microbial ecology and interaction with other components of the ecosystem. Research focus on ways to improve the efficacy of these biomolecules, and mass production of these natural products for its utilization and commercial availability will build a path towards environment-friendly agriculture. Alternatively, research that focusses to elucidate the chemistry of natural compounds and to synthesize compounds that mimic them is also being done to ensure the demand-supply balance. This chapter will shed light on potentials and prospectives of the use of natural bioactive compounds of microbial origin in enhancing crop protection and yield.

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Acknowledgement

The authors wish to thank Dr. R Nagarajaprakash, Group Leader, Chemical Sciences Research Group, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India, for his support and suggestions in improving the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

    Jayakumar Pathma, Laxman Sonawane Bhushan, Bhade Khemraj Shankar & Kushal Thakur

  2. Department of Trans-disciplinary Research, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

    Jayakumar Pathma

  3. Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph’s College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India

    Rajendiran Kamaraj Kennedy

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  1. Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India

    Ram Prasad

  2. Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vivek Kumar

  3. Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

    Joginder Singh

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Chandrama Prakash Upadhyaya

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Pathma, J., Kennedy, R.K., Bhushan, L.S., Shankar, B.K., Thakur, K. (2021). Microbial Biofertilizers and Biopesticides: Nature’s Assets Fostering Sustainable Agriculture. In: Prasad, R., Kumar, V., Singh, J., Upadhyaya, C.P. (eds) Recent Developments in Microbial Technologies. Environmental and Microbial Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4439-2_2

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