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Instabilities and Structure Formation

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Laser Processing and Chemistry

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Abstract

Instabilities are observed in many different types of laser processing. They are related to positive feedbacks between different characteristics (degrees of freedom) in laser–matter interactions. The appearance of an instability means that a small perturbation of the system initially grows exponentially with time. Its further development can lead to different self-organization phenomena, such as spontaneous formation of periodic or stochastic dissipative structures, spiral waves, and many other structures with broken or unbroken symmetry (‘unbroken’ refers to transformations from an unstable structure to a stable or metastable structure without changes in initial symmetry).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In the traditional theory of self-organization (synergetics) the term ‘coherent’ is sometimes used in a different way. It denotes cooperative structure formation with an ‘internal’ period that does not depend on the initial and boundary conditions, any external disturbances, etc.

  2. 2.

    The situation is somewhat similar to the formation of Benard cells.

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  1. Johannes-Kepler-Universität Linz, Inst. Angewandte Physik, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040, Linz, Austria

    Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c. Dieter Bäuerle

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Bäuerle, D. (2011). Instabilities and Structure Formation. In: Laser Processing and Chemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17613-5_28

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