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Nanostructure of Lignocellulose and Its Importance for Biomass Conversion into Chemicals and Biofuels

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Advances of Basic Science for Second Generation Bioethanol from Sugarcane

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Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass is a vast renewable resource made by nature with a hierarchical structure going from entire plants down to simple molecules. Part of this structural hierarchy stands at the nanoscale, where cellulose crystals, crystal aggregates, and cell wall lamellas are distinguishable nanostructural elements. This chapter provides an overview of lignocellulose nanostructure, discussing the fundamentals, changes promoted by thermochemical treatments, relevance for enzymatic digestibility, and specificities of sugarcane. With proper consideration of nanostructural features, more rational and efficient deconstruction of lignocellulose can be devised for the purpose of conversion into chemicals and biofuels.

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to express his great gratitude to Dr. Rodrigo Silveira, Prof. Valdeir Arantes, Prof. Antônio Aprígio Curvelo, and Dr. Alfred French, who dedicated part of their valuable time to read and comment earlier versions of this chapter. The thoughtful editorial review by Dr. Amanda Souza and Prof. Marcos Buckeridge is also acknowledged. The received comments were at several points decisive for the clarity, precision, and coverage of this published chapter.

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  1. Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol—CTBE, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais—CNPEM, Caixa Postal 6192, 13084-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Carlos Driemeier

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  1. Department of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology (LAFIECO), Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Marcos S. Buckeridge

  2. Department of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology (LAFIECO), Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Amanda P. De Souza

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Driemeier, C. (2017). Nanostructure of Lignocellulose and Its Importance for Biomass Conversion into Chemicals and Biofuels. In: Buckeridge, M., De Souza, A. (eds) Advances of Basic Science for Second Generation Bioethanol from Sugarcane. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49826-3_3

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