Abstract
Despite accounting for less than 5% of Earth’s total land area, over one-quarter of the world’s plant diversity is native to islands, and many of these species are endemics. Islands have long been recognized as hotspots for plant invasions, hosting proportionally more naturalized species than similarly sized continental areas. Recent estimates suggest that more than a quarter of island floras now have more non-natives than natives. Thus, remote island floras represent a unique conservation problem where high numbers of endemic species, which can be thought of as globally rare, co-occur and interact with disproportionately high numbers of non-natives, which are often widespread species at the global scale. Known and presumed negative interactions between invasive and native plant species have motivated many conservation efforts, prompting numerous studies as well as speculation about the future of island biodiversity. For this review, we focus on plant invasions on oceanic islands, where human-related transport is the main source of non-native species arrivals. The small spatial scale of many oceanic islands can facilitate rapid population and community responses to invasion, but small spatial scales also increase the feasibility of effective management, and a continuous oceanic border can present a special opportunity to implement effective biosecurity aimed at preventing invasions.
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Brock, K.C., Daehler, C.C. (2022). Island Plant Invasions. In: Clements, D.R., Upadhyaya, M.K., Joshi, S., Shrestha, A. (eds) Global Plant Invasions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89684-3_12
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