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Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Lesions of the Hypothalamus

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The Human Hypothalamus

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE))

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Abstract

The hypothalamus has pivotal significance in the regulation of endocrine and autonomic function of the body, closely controlling the anterior and posterior pituitary glands. Historically, much has been learned of the hypothalamus in human disease through the clinical manifestations that occur with hypothalamic lesions. Neoplasms of the hypothalamus are rare. Typically, these lesions arise from tissue outside the hypothalamus and affect the hypothalamus by compression or invasion. Because the hypothalamus is small and lesions often develop slowly, they can achieve considerable size before recognition. However, with the advent of modern neuroimaging such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we are able to detect such lesions earlier. In this chapter, we aim to outline common hypothalamic neoplasms and infiltrative processes. These lesions are divided based on origin: neural, glial, and infiltrative processes. We will review their features and the neuroendocrine dysfunction that results. We will also briefly touch upon inflammatory conditions that may mimic tumors.

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    Ehsan Dowlati, Jordan Black & Amjad N. Anaizi

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Dowlati, E., Black, J., Anaizi, A.N. (2021). Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Lesions of the Hypothalamus. In: Uwaifo, G.I. (eds) The Human Hypothalamus. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62187-2_15

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