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Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Diversity, Cytogenetics and Breeding

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Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes

Abstract

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik. ssp. culinaris) is one of the oldest cultivated plants that originated from L. culinaris Medik.ssp. orientalis in the Near East arc and Asia Minor. This cool season legume crop is an excellent food source to provide energy, proteins and iron in the human diet. Most lentil-growing countries have a shared objective of higher and more stable seed yield, which often entails breeding for adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses, which otherwise cause a substantial reduction in crop yield and production. Lentil domestication and selection over thousands of years led to the low amount of genetic variation in the current cultivated species and this scarcity in genetic variability represents a major constraint for lentil breeding. Thus far, lentil breeders have been successful in improving some easily manageable monogenic traits using conventional breeding techniques of selection and recombination. However, these conventional techniques are insufficient to address economic traits like seed yield due to polygenic inheritance and genotype-environment interaction. Other species of the genus Lens are important sources of genetic variation for breeding key traits into new lentil varieties. Induced mutagenesis is a powerful breeding tool and can greatly supplement the availability of lentil genomic resources. Impressive progress in applications of biotechnological innovations in the utilization of genetic resources for lentil genetic improvement will further accelerate the development of improved varieties. This chapter provides an overview on present status of lentil genetic improvement and summarizes the various important aspects of lentil diversity, cytogenetic and breeding.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India for providing research facilitates and University Grants Commission (UGC), India for providing financial assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mutation Breeding Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India

    Rafiul Amin Laskar, Samiullah Khan, Aamir Raina & Ruhul Amin

  2. Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami, Nagaland, India

    Rafiul Amin Laskar

  3. Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami, Nagaland, India

    Chitta Ranjan Deb

  4. Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Breeding, Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

    Nasya Tomlekova

  5. Department of Botany, Abdul Ahad Azad Memorial Degree College, Bemina, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Mohammad Rafiq Wani

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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia

    Jameel M. Al-Khayri

  2. University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Shri Mohan Jain

  3. Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Dennis V. Johnson

Appendices

Appendices

9.1.1 Appendix I: Research Institutes relevant to Lentils

Institution

Specialization and research activities

Contact information and website

University of Saskatchewan, Canada

Teaching and research institute, pulse crop genomics, genetics of domestication and adaptation in lentil, lentil genome sequencing,molecular marker development

Prof. Kirstin E. Bett, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

https://agbio.usask.ca

Email: k.bett@usask.ca

The University of

Western Australia, Australia

Teaching and research institute, lentil breeding, germplasm evaluation and genetics, cultivar development

Prof. William Erskine, Director, Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University ofWestern Australia, Australia.

http://www.pgb.plants.uwa.edu.au/

Email: william.erskine@uwa.edu.au

Washington State University, USA

Teaching and research institute, development of improved varieties of peas, lentils, and chickpeas and research on productivity and quality issues

Prof. Fred J. Muehlbauer,

Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 303 Johnson Hall, Washington State University, USA

https://www.ars.usda.gov

Email: muehlbau@wsu.edu

International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Lebanon

CGIAR non-profit agricultural research institue, lentil genetic resources collection, conservation and introduction, genebank, climate change adaptation,

Dr. Shiv Kumar Agrawal,

Lentil Breeder, Food Legumes Coordinator, ICARDA, Temporary HQs, Dalia Building 2nd Floor, Bashir El Kassar Street, Verdun, Beirut, Lebanon 1108-2010

https://www.icarda.org

Email: sk.agrawal@cgiar.org

Indian Institute of Pulses Research, India

Research institutes, research on genetics, plant breeding and seed science technology, cyto-genetics and molecular breeding, plant genetic resource management and quality seed production.

Dr. Jitendra Kumar, Principal Scientist, Lentil Breeder, Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur-Kanpur-208024, India

http://iipr.res.in/cimprovment.html

Email: jitendra73@gmail.com

National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), India

Research institutes, national genebank, policy making, germplasm registration, conservation and distribution, crop improvement and cultivar development

Dr. Mohar Singh, Senior Scientist (Plant Breeding)ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station - Shimla Phagli, Shimla - 171004, Himachal Pradesh Pradesh, India

http://www.nbpgr.ernet.in

Email: mohar.singh2@icar.gov.in

Akdeniz, The

University, Turkey

Teaching and research institute, genetics and plant breeding, mutation breeding of pulses, crop improvement

Prof. Cengiz Toker,

Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz, The

University, Antalya, Turkey.

http://ziraat.akdeniz.edu.tr/

Email: toker akdeniz.edu.tr

University of Birmingham, UK

Teaching and research institute, genetic conservation, in situ and ex situ conservation, global agrobiodiversity conservation, taxonomy and classification

Dr. Nigel Maxted, Senior Lecturer, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

https://www.birmingham.ac.uk

Email: n.maxted@bham.ac.uk

University of Córdoba (UCO) and Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Spain

Teaching and research institute, plant genetic improvement, crop biodiversity, molecular genetic markers, crop protection, sustainable agriculture

Prof. José Ignacio Cubero, Professor Emeritus of the University of Córdoba, Researcher, Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC),Apartado, Córdoba, Spain.

http://www.ias.csic.es; www.uco.es

Email: ge1cusaj@uco.es

9.1.2 Appendix II: Genetic Resources of Lentils

Cultivar

Important traits

Cultivation location

Noori,KLS 218,HUL 57,IPL 406,Masoor 93, DPL 62,L4076

Short duration, higher yields, rust resistance, high efficiency of zinc accumulation, bold size

India

Shiraz 96,NIAB Masoor 02,Masoor 04,NIAB Masoor 06,Manserha

89

Higher yields, rust resistance, high efficiency of zinc accumulation, short duration

Pakistan

Barimasur-1, Barimasur-2; Barimasur-3; Barimasur-4

High-yielding, resistance to rust

Bangladesh

Sikhar, Khajura Masuro 1, Khajura Masuro 2, Shital

Higher yields, rust resistance, high efficiency of zinc accumulation, short duration

Nepal

Sazak 91, Kayi 91, Pul 11, Yesil 21, Yeril Kirmizi, Kirmizi 51, Sakar

High yield, good weed resistance, seed size

Turkey

Bakria, Bichette, Hamira

Rust resistant, high yields

Morocco

Adaa, Alemaya, Alemtena, Teshale

Higher yields, rust resistance, wilt root rot resistance, high efficiency of zinc accumulation

Ethiopia

Nipper, Boomer

Resistance to botrytisgray mold and Ascochyta blight

Australia

Eston; Pardina, Morton

Small red types, medium-sized, yellow,

small brown types, yellow cotyledons,

very high yield

USA

Idlib 5

High yielding, fusarium wilt resistant

Syria

CDC Milestone, Glamis, Grandora, Sovereign, Vantage, Robin

Ascochyta blight resistant, high yield

Canada

Rajah

Red lentil, Ascochyta blight resistant

New Zealand

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Laskar, R.A. et al. (2019). Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Diversity, Cytogenetics and Breeding. In: Al-Khayri, J., Jain, S., Johnson, D. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23400-3_9

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