Abstract
Recently, microalgae species such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been investigated as potential biofactories for the production of biopharmaceuticals (Mathieu-Rivet et al., Front Plant Sci 5:359, 2014; Rasala and Mayfield, Photosynth Res 123:227–239, 2015). Biopharmaceuticals are protein-based pharmaceuticals which are produced recombinantly in living cells used as biofactories (Walsh, Nat Biotechnol 28:917–924, 2010; Walsh, Nat Biotechnol 32:992–1000, 2014). The pharmaceutical market encompasses more than 200 biopharmaceutical products (Walsh, Nat Biotechnol 32:992–1000, 2014). Most of these biopharmaceuticals are glycosylated proteins, and it is currently well established that their glycosylation is primordial for their stability, half-life, and biological activity (Walsh, Nat Biotechnol 28:917–924, 2010; Lingg et al., Biotechnol J, 7:1462–1472, 2012). Since enzymes involved in the glycosylation processing are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, biopharmaceuticals produced in C. reinhardtii must travel through these organelles, which are components of the secretory pathway, to acquire an appropriate glycosylation. In this chapter, the C. reinhardtii protein glycosylation pathways as well as its capacity to synthesize and transport nucleotide sugars will be described and discussed.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are indebted to all coworkers and students at the Glyco-MEV laboratory who are currently contributing to the microalgae research project or did so in the past. They acknowledge Magda Dudek for careful reading of the manuscript. They are also thankful to the University of Rouen, the region Haute-Normandie now called Normandie and the IUF for their financial support.
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Mathieu-Rivet, E., Lerouge, P., Bardor, M. (2017). Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Protein Glycosylation and Production of Biopharmaceuticals. In: Hippler, M. (eds) Chlamydomonas: Biotechnology and Biomedicine. Microbiology Monographs, vol 31. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66360-9_3
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