Abstract
Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., has been grown as a forage and as an important protein and oil crop for thousands of years. Domestication, breeding improvements and enhanced cropping systems have made soybeans the most cultivated and utilized oilseed crop globally. Soybeans provide a high-quality protein source for livestock and aquaculture, oil for industrial uses and a valued component of human diets. Originating in China and Eastern Asia, today 80–85% of the world’s soybeans, approximately 88 million ha, are grown in the Western Hemisphere. United States soybean breeding and development efforts for over 80 years have transitioned from primarily universities and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs to private company-led investments in commercial cultivar development. Soybean breeders continuously adapt tools and technologies that encompass classical breeding, mutation breeding and marker-assisted selection, biotechnology and transgenic approaches, gene silencing, and genome editing. In addition to breeding technologies, improved agronomics, precision agriculture and digital agriculture have advanced soybean production and profitability. The primary goals of soybean breeding and cropping systems advances include yield improvement, increased seed protein and oil composition and quality, and yield preservation through weed, pathogen, insect pest and abiotic stress resistance and management. This chapter primarily describes the introduction and improvement of soybeans in the United States. Contributing authors describe classical and molecular breeding, biotechnology, biotic and abiotic stress management, and soybean agronomics and cropping systems improvements that maximize soybean productivity, profitability and sustainability to supply a continually increasing world demand for protein and oil for feed, fuel and food.
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Appendix I: Research Institutes in the US Relevant to Soybean
Appendix I: Research Institutes in the US Relevant to Soybean
Institute | Areas of specialization | Website |
|---|---|---|
Auburn University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | auburn.edu |
BASF Company | Seed and Crop Protection | |
Bayer Company | Seed and Crop Protection | |
Clemson University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | clemson.edu |
Cornell University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | cornell.edu |
Corteva Agriscience | Seed and/or Crop Protection | |
FMC Corporation | Crop Protection | |
Iowa State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | iastate.edu |
Kansas State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | k-state.edu |
Louisiana State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | lsu.edu |
Michigan State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | msu.edu |
Mississippi State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | msstate.edu |
North Carolina State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | ncsu.edu |
North Dakota State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | ndsu.edu |
Oklahoma State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | |
Pennsylvania State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | psu.edu |
Purdue University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | purdue.edu |
Rutgers University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | rutgers.edu |
South Dakota State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | sdstate.edu |
Syngenta Company | Seed and Crop Protection | |
Texas A&M University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | tamu.edu |
The Ohio State University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | osu.edu |
University of Arkansas | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | uark.edu |
University of Delaware | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | udel.edu |
University of Georgia | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | uga.edu |
University of Illinois | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | illinois.edu |
University of Kentucky | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | uky.edu |
University of Maryland | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | umd.edu |
University of Minnesota | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | umn.edu |
University of Missouri | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | missouri.edu |
University of Nebraska | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | unl.edu |
University of Tennessee | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | utk.edu |
University of Wisconsin | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | wisc.edu |
Virginia Tech University | Breeding, Agronomy, Basic Research | vt.edu |
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Anderson, E.J. et al. (2019). Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Breeding: History, Improvement, Production and Future Opportunities. In: Al-Khayri, J., Jain, S., Johnson, D. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23400-3_12
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