Abstract
More than 6 billion bacteria and other microorganisms live in the adult oral cavity. As a result of any deleterious effect on this community, some microorganisms will survive better than others, which may trigger pathogenic processes like caries, halitosis, gingivitis or periodontitis. Oral dysbiosis is among the most frequent human health hazards globally. Quality of life of patients deteriorates notably, while treatments are often unpleasant, expensive and irreversible, e.g. tooth loss. In the experiments reported here, we investigated the individual interactions between 8 pathogenic and 8 probiotic strains and a commercially available probiotic product. Almost all pathogens, namely Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Enterococcus faecalis and Prevotella buccae are pathogens frequently occurring in the oral cavity. The used probiotic strains were Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Bifidobacterium thermophilum and two Streptococcus dentisani isolates. Using a modified agar diffusion method, we investigated capability of the probiotic bacteria to prevent the growth of the pathogenic ones in order to identify candidates for future therapeutic treatments. The results indicated successful bacteriocin production, i.e. growth inhibition, against every pathogenic bacterium by at least 5 probiotic strains.
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Acknowledgements
We thank University of Szeged, Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Goodwill Pharma Ltd. for providing strains and the probiotic preparation for this study.
Funding
This study has been supported in part by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Fund projects GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00011, GINOP-2.2.1-15-2017-00081, GINOP-2.2.1-15-2017-00033 and EFOP-3.6.2-16-2017-00010. ZB received support from the Hungarian NKFIH fund FK123902.
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NG, with the help from OS, designed and performed the experiments and contributed to the evaluation of the data. KLK conceived the project and participated in its design. NG, OS, ZB and KLK drafted the manuscript. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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Gönczi, N.N., Strang, O., Bagi, Z. et al. Interactions between probiotic and oral pathogenic strains. BIOLOGIA FUTURA 72, 461–471 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-021-00091-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-021-00091-3