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Addressing the Challenge of Microfiber Plastics as the Marine Pollution Crisis Using Circular Economy Methods: a Review

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Abstract

The growing trend of using plastics and the accumulation of plastic waste in nature have caused many concerns. The fragmentation of plastic waste causes the formation of microplastics. Microfiber plastics (a subset of microplastics) enter the marine environment, then, after entering the food chain, cause damage to organisms. In this review article, sources of microplastic waste in aquatic environments and the use of biodegradable plastics as a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics are investigated. As a result, biodegradable plastics cannot reduce pollution to zero. Hence, there is a need for complementary mechanisms in this field. More sustainable mechanisms are needed to reduce pollution. Therefore, the potential of implementing a circular economy to reduce plastic waste into marine environments has been investigated, and effective measures and ideas have been expressed as a way to achieve environmental goals along with economic and political aspects. On-site recycling, plastic waste reuse, long-term policies, economic justification, equipment and product modification, financial incentives, etc. are all complementary mechanisms proposed. More attention to research and development units is also necessary.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to gratefully thank the AmirKabir University of Technology (AUT), Tehran, Iran, for their financial support.

Funding

This research was funded by the Research Affairs Division of the Amir Kabir University of Technology (AUT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran

    Peyman Sadeghi

  2. Faculty of Polymer and Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 13145-1384, Tehran, Iran

    Banafsheh Sadeghi

  3. Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez Avenue, 1591634311, Tehran, Iran

    Yousef Marfavi & Elaheh Kowsari

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore, Singapore

    Seeram Ramakrishna & Amutha Chinnappan

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  1. Peyman Sadeghi
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  4. Elaheh Kowsari
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  5. Seeram Ramakrishna
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  6. Amutha Chinnappan
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Contributions

PS and EK conceived of the presented idea. PS, BS, YM, and EK designed the model and the framework, analyzed the data, and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. YM designed the figures. PS and BS drafted the manuscript. EK and SR supervised the project. AC developed the theory. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Elaheh Kowsari or Seeram Ramakrishna.

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The 4th author Elaheh Kowsari is an Editorial Board Member of Materials Circular Economy and the 5th author Seeram Ramakrishna is Editor-in-Chief of Materials Circular Economy.

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Sadeghi, P., Sadeghi, B., Marfavi, Y. et al. Addressing the Challenge of Microfiber Plastics as the Marine Pollution Crisis Using Circular Economy Methods: a Review. Mater Circ Econ 3, 27 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42824-021-00038-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42824-021-00038-y

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