Abstract
The purpose of this study is to improve relative phosphorus (P) distribution in various proportions by greater solubility in the rhizosphere of plants influenced by phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), P availability, and fertilizer management. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted with three phosphorus concentrations including 0 (P0), 20.5 (P50), and 41 (P100) mg P kg−1 and two PSB strains as well as Enterobacter cloacae R13 (R13) and E. cloacae R33 (R33) as factors which were evaluated at three harvesting times: 60, 95, and 140 days after planting (DAP) sowing. In the non-fertilized condition, treatments inoculated by R13 and R33 had higher P uptake in comparison with the non-inoculated treatment. Compared with the bulk soil, the chemical composition of the soil solution sample was affected by the dynamic properties of rhizosphere. In the inoculation-treated rhizosphere, the soluble P concentration was higher than that in the non-inoculated treatment. However, P uptake was greater in the inoculated treatments. Also, higher P free ions (H2PO4− and HPO42−) activity and lower calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) activity were observed in soil solution inoculated rhizosphere as compared with the non-inoculated treatment. At all harvesting times, octacalcium and β-tricalcium phosphate minerals controlled P concentration in the rhizosphere. The pedogenic Ca-P or low soluble P (Ca8-P) was higher by up to 72.97% compared with other fractions, which can be ascribed to octacalcium and β-tricalcium phosphate minerals. In the current study, we conclude that the reduction of pH is not a major mechanism in dissolving insoluble P by E. cloacae although phosphate solubility may be attributed to the chelation process. In comparison, rhizosphere characteristics were more effective than PSB in converting the type of P-containing minerals. The results suggest that Ca8-P fraction is equivalent to octacalcium phosphate and β-tricalcium phosphate minerals in the rhizosphere of sugarcane.
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Safirzadeh, S., Chorom, M. & Enayatizamir, N. Speciation and Fractionation of Phosphorus Affected by Enterobacter cloacae in the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 21, 187–199 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00352-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00352-5