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Nitrogen-bonded ultrasmall palladium clusters over the nitrogen-doped carbon for promoting Suzuki cross-coupling reactions

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Abstract

Suzuki cross-coupling reactions activated by palladium (Pd) catalysts are efficient routes for the synthesis of useful organics. Traditional homogeneous ligand Pd catalysts face tedious separation process and are sensitive to the reaction environments. Here, we report an ultrasmall Pd cluster over the nitrogen-doped carbon materials. The strong electronic interaction between Pd and nitrogen not only suppresses the agglomeration of Pd metals during annealing process but also donates electrons to the Pd centers. The high atom utilization efficiency and electron-rich properties enable the Pd clusters display a high turnover frequency of 198 h−1 for the Suzuki cross-coupling reactions under a mild condition, which is nearly 18-fold higher than the carbon black supported Pd nanocrystals (10.5 h−1). More important, no decay of the activity was observed after five recycle runs.

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Acknowledgements

This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province (no. 420RC524, 2019RC141, 520MS015), the Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province (no. ZDYF2021GXJS209, ZDYF2022SHFZ053), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (no. 2020M682764), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 51902074, 52162012) and Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea (Hainan University) (no. MRUKF2021030). We also thank Dr. Shuyuan Lyu for producing and organizing the Figures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People’s Republic of China

    Lei Wang, Ping Zhang, Xinlong Tian, Dun Wang, Wei Huang & Zhongxin Liu

  2. Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People’s Republic of China

    Lei Wang

  3. Dong-A University, Bushan, 49315, South Korea

    Shuyuan Lyu

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  1. Lei Wang
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Wang, L., Lyu, S., Zhang, P. et al. Nitrogen-bonded ultrasmall palladium clusters over the nitrogen-doped carbon for promoting Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 5, 1396–1403 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-022-00468-5

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