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Alteration Analysis of Refractories Bricks Used in Industrial Horizontal Anodes Baking Furnace

  • Research Article-Chemical Engineering
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Abstract

This study analyses the alteration of refractory bricks after 96 baking cycles of anodes baking furnace. A decrease of compressive strength from 48.45 to 32 MPa, respectively, for unused and used bricks were observed. The bulk density obtained by mercury intrusion porosimeter method decreased from 2.48 to 2.38 g/cm3for unused and used bricks; while the bulk density by archimedes method increased from 2.29 to 2.49 g/cm3. The water absorption by Archimedes method is decreased from 6.65 to 5.05 wt.%. While the total porosity obtained by mercury intrusion porosimeter increased from 15.41 to 17.21 wt.% for unused and used bricks. In the same way the total cumulative pore increased from 62.05 to 72.35 mm3/g. While the average pore radius decreased from 5.65 to 1.06 µm, respectively, for unused and used brick. The anode side of brick is deterioted rapidly than hot side of brick. The instrusion porosimetry method seems to be the best method to characterize bulk density and porosimetry of refractory bricks than Archimedes method. Mullite peak seems to be not change, suggesting that a very compacted brick with high mullite content seems to be the best matrix for bricks in anode baking furnace. Silica corrosion is mostly affected in refractory brick than alumina in anodes baking furnace.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all the personnel of GRAS (ALUCAM) for their assistance and collaboration and particularly Armel Cyrille Fotsing Segnou, Casimir Aboudi Tsanga, Landry P. Onana Tsanga, Assako Dieudonné for accepting scientific collaboration with MIPROMALO.

Funding

This work was supported by the Technical University of Freiberg (Germany), University of Modena (Italy) and MIPROMALO Yaounde-Cameroon.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inorganic Chemistry Applied Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon

    Jeanne Solange Ntchayi Tankeu, Arlin Bruno Tchamba, Patrick Lemougna Ninla & Daniel Njopwouo

  2. Ecole de Geologie et d’Exploitation Minière (EGEM), University of Ngaoundere-Cameroon, P.O. Box : 115, Meiganga, Cameroon

    Guy Molay Tchapga Gnamsi

  3. Department of Minerals Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries (EGCIM), University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon

    Patrick Lemougna Ninla

  4. Laboratory of Materials, Local Materials Promotion Authority (MIPROMALO), P.O.Box 2396, Yaounde, Cameroon

    Arlin Bruno Tchamba, Elie Kamseu & Marcel Guidana

  5. Department of Civil Engineering, National, Advanced School of Public Works (ENSTP), P.O.Box 510, Yaounde, Cameroon

    George Elambo Nkeng & Michel Mbessa

  6. Refractory and Traditional Ceramics Division CSIR- Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Dana Kausik

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  1. Jeanne Solange Ntchayi Tankeu
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Contributions

Conceptualization: [Arlin Bruno Tchamba, Daniel Njopwouo]; Methodology: [Jeanne Solange Ntchayi Tankeu, Guy Molay Tchapga Gnamsi]; Formal analysis and investigation: [Patrick Lemougna Ninla, Elie Kamseu]; Writing—original draft preparation: [Arlin Bruno Tchamba, Jeanne Solange Ntchayi Tankeu]; Writing—review and editing: [George Elambo Nkeng, Michel Mbessa]; Supervision: [George Elambo Nkeng, Dana Kausik]. New author contribution: Michel Mbessa revised the last version of the manuscript before submission [40].

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Correspondence to Arlin Bruno Tchamba.

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Tankeu, J.S.N., Gnamsi, G.M.T., Tchamba, A.B. et al. Alteration Analysis of Refractories Bricks Used in Industrial Horizontal Anodes Baking Furnace. Arab J Sci Eng 48, 16137–16150 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-08089-w

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