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Unravelling the role of microneedles in drug delivery: Principle, perspectives, and practices

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Abstract

In recent year, the research of transdermal drug delivery systems has got substantial attention towards the development of microneedles (MNs). This shift has occurred due to multifaceted advantages of MNs as they can be utilized to deliver the drug deeper to the skin with minimal invasion, offer successful delivery of drugs and biomolecules that are susceptible to degradation in gastrointestinal tract (GIT), act as biosensors, and help in monitoring the level of biomarkers in the body. These can be fabricated into different types based on their applications as well as material for fabrication. Some of their types include solid MNs, hollow MNs, coated MNs, hydrogel forming MNs, and dissolving MNs. These MNs deliver the therapeutics via microchannels deeper into the skin. The coated and hollow MNs have been found successful. However, they suffer from poor drug loading and blocking of pores. In contrast, dissolving MNs offer high drug loading. These MNs have also been utilized to deliver vaccines and biologicals. They have also been used in cosmetics. The current review covers the different types of MNs, materials used in their fabrication, properties of MNs, and various case studies related to their role in delivering therapeutics, monitoring level of biomarkers/hormones in body such as insulin. Various patents and clinical trials related to MNs are also covered. Covered are the major bottlenecks associated with their clinical translation and potential future perspectives.

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Adapted from Tucak et al. 2020 [9]

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Adapted from Li et al. 2019 [155]

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Adapted from Kim et al. 2022 [171]

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Adapted from Bolton et al. 2020 [207]

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© 2004 British Association of Dermatologists

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© 2020 American Pharmacists Association, Elsevier

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© 2020 American Pharmacists Association, Elsevier

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© 2014, Springer Science Business Media New York

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© 2014, Springer Science Business Media New York

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© 2013 Elsevier B.V

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India

    Molakpogu Ravindra Babu, Sukriti Vishwas, Rubiya Khursheed, Vancha Harish & Sachin Kumar Singh

  2. Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

    Anne Boyina Sravani

  3. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al- Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Farhan Khan & Bader Alotaibi

  4. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia

    Abdulkarim Binshaya

  5. Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala , Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India

    John Disouza & Popat S. Kumbhar

  6. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India

    Vandana Patravale

  7. Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India

    Gaurav Gupta

  8. School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India

    Gaurav Gupta

  9. School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura , 30201, Jaipur, India

    Gaurav Gupta

  10. University of Alberta, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Edmonton , AB T6G2N8, Alberta, Canada

    Raimar Loebenberg

  11. Department of Scientific Communications, Isthmus Research and Publishing House, New Delhi, 110044, India

    Mohammed Faiz Arshad

  12. Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, At & Post: Changa, Tal.:- Petlad, Dist.:- Anand-388 421, Gujarat, India

    Archita Patel & Samir Patel

  13. Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia

    Kamal Dua

  14. Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia

    Kamal Dua & Sachin Kumar Singh

  15. Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India

    Kamal Dua

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  1. Molakpogu Ravindra Babu
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Contributions

MRB: concept building, writing original draft, and review and editing. SV: concept building and pictorial representations. RK: review and editing. VH: writing original draft and review and editing. ABS: Writing original draft, review and editing. JD: writing original draft and review and editing. PK: writing original draft and review and editing. VP: concept building and review and editing. GG: Writing original draft and review and editing. RL: writing original draft and review and editing. MFA: review and editing. AP: writing original draft and review and editing. SP: writing original draft and review and editing. KD: concept building and review and editing. SKS: concept building, writing original draft, supervision, review and editing, and total administration of project.

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Correspondence to Sachin Kumar Singh.

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Babu, M.R., Vishwas, S., Khursheed, R. et al. Unravelling the role of microneedles in drug delivery: Principle, perspectives, and practices. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 14, 1393–1431 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-023-01475-9

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