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Three-dimensional nanofibrous microenvironment designed for the regulation of mesenchymal stem cells

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Abstract

The three-dimensional functional nanofibrous microenvironment plays a key role in the regulation of cellular growth, because it can mimic the natural extracellular matrix structure. As an important nanofibrous scaffold, 3D functional nanofibers display broad application prospects in biomedical areas, such as tissue engineering, drug release, and biosensors. Recently, these functional nanofibrous scaffolds based on biocompatible natural materials with excellent flexibility and biochemical characteristics show great potential in tissue engineering applications. Herein, we prepared 3D chondroitin sulfate surface-modified silk nanofibers (3D CS-SNFs) using a combination of electrospinning and chemical grafting methods. The as-prepared 3D CS-SNFs exhibited excellent biocompatible properties. Moreover, there are numerous deeply interconnected pores (larger than 20 µm) for enhanced cellular entry into CS-SNFs and for 3D cell culture in vitro. The 3D CS-SNFs are beneficial to cell adhesion, nutrient delivery, and excretion of excrement, which provides healthy growth environment and living conditions for those cells that penetrate into the interior of the scaffold. Our results indicate that the 3D CS-SNFs show much higher degrees of promotion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhesion and osteogenic differentiation, as compared with the 3D raw silk nanofibers. These results demonstrate that the as-prepared 3D CS-SNFs could provide a suitable 3D microenvironment for cellular growth, adhesion, and excellent osteogenic differentiation. This work paves a new way for 3D cell culture construction for damaged bone repair and regeneration.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21504082, 81600775 and 51572303), and L. J. acknowledges the program of Innovative Talent (in Science and Technology) in University of Henan Province (17HASTIT007), Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education for funding (PCFM-2017-04) and Excellent Talent Foundation of Henan Province (No. 154200510027).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s hospital, Number 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, People’s Republic of China

    Lin Jin, Zhanrong Li, Jingguo Li & Yanzheng Gao

  2. Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People’s Republic of China

    Lin Jin, Genxin Chen & Zhenling Wang

  3. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People’s Republic of China

    Lin Jin

  4. John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA

    Xingcai Zhang

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  1. Lin Jin
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Jin, L., Zhang, X., Li, Z. et al. Three-dimensional nanofibrous microenvironment designed for the regulation of mesenchymal stem cells. Appl Nanosci 8, 1915–1924 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-018-0877-7

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