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Genetic Diversity and Functional Traits of Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq. Associated with Symbiotic Microbial Communities in Caribbean Swamp Forests in Relation to Insular Distribution, Salinity and Flooding

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Abstract

Pterocarpus officinalis is a significant component of the Caribbean wetland plant community. Currently, stands are growing near their physiological extreme, thus it is very important to understand the biology of the species to develop effective conservation strategies and plans. The intra-specific diversity of P. officinalis has been analyzed at different spatial scales, from the continental to the insular Caribbean areas, by using AFLP, chloroplast and nuclear microsatellites, cpDNA, and nrITS markers. The genetic diversity of P. officinalis was higher from continental than from island populations. A similar pattern of genetic diversity resulted from Bradyrhizobial strains isolated from P. officinalis nodules. Bradyrhizobial strains associated with P. officinalis have positive effects on nodulation, N-acquisition, and plant growth. Pterocarpus officinalis is not a halophyte plant. However, it grew better in flooding due to the lenticels, adventitious roots, and aerenchyma that promote root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and N-fixing root-nodular bacteria. Furthermore, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and nodulation improve flooding tolerance in P. officinalis seedlings. The ecological, demographic, genetic, and physiological data that have been collected through the Caribbean populations of P. officinalis in combination with data from its associated microorganisms are providing the framework to develop better restoration efforts for the species.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Neftalí Rios-López for his valuable discussions and comments to this manuscript. The comments of Tamara Heartsill-Scalley, Steven A. Sloan and three anonymous reviewers helped improve this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie végétales, LSTM-UMR113/IRD/CIRAD/UM2/INRA/SupAgro, UFR Sciences exactes et naturelles, Université Antilles-Guyane, Campus Fouillole, BP. 592, 97159, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles), France

    Amadou M. Bâ

  2. Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Bayamon, Parque Industrial Minillas Carr 174, Bayamón, Puerto Rico, 00959-1911

    Elsie Rivera-Ocasio

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  1. Amadou M. Bâ
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Correspondence to Amadou M. Bâ.

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Bâ, A.M., Rivera-Ocasio, E. Genetic Diversity and Functional Traits of Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq. Associated with Symbiotic Microbial Communities in Caribbean Swamp Forests in Relation to Insular Distribution, Salinity and Flooding. Wetlands 35, 433–442 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-015-0651-5

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