Abstract
Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), which is one of the most important engineering properties of natural building blocks, exhibits a decrease at various rates under the effect of freeze–thaw (FT) cycles. In this study, practical estimation of UCS loss of 21 groups of carbonate building stones exposed to 4, 7, 10, 14, 20, 28, 35, 56, 70 and 84 FT cycles is aimed by proposed estimation models. In all models, the Leeb hardness (HLD), which is practically determined by a dynamic surface hardness test method, was used as major input parameter. Other basic stone properties and number of FT cycles were also used as additional input parameters in developed models. The test results indicated that HLD and UCS values decreased up to 13 and 40%, respectively, at the end of 84 FT cycles. Proposed equations are reliable and beneficial in estimation of deteriorated UCS values of carbonate building stones in practical engineering applications and scientific studies.
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Data obtained in this study are available from the corresponding author (KG) upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. Tamer Koralay for his contribution in petrographic analyses.
Funding
Automatic freeze–thaw testing system used in this study was financially supported by the Pamukkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit with project no. of 2021FEBE002. The authors gratefully acknowledge this support.
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KG: Methodology, Lab studies, Data Analysis, Writing-Original draft. SBÇ: Conceptualization, Data analysis, Writing-Original draft. İÇ: Data analysis, methodology, discussion on results.
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Gireson, K., Çelik, S.B. & Çobanoğlu, İ. Non-destructive estimation of uniaxial compressive strength of deteriorated carbonate building stones by frost action. Environ Earth Sci 82, 363 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11032-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11032-9