Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the changes in the physical and mechanical parameters of ignimbrites of different colors (black, red, yellow, gray) from Central Anatolia under the influence of wetting–drying and freezing–thawing cycles. For this purpose, 96 NX-size core samples were prepared. The unit weight, specific gravity, apparent porosity, water absorption by weight, slake durability index, uniaxial compressive strength, and P-wave velocity of each ignimbrite sample before conversion were determined. All of these parameters were then redetermined every 10 cycles (for a total of 50 cycles) for each sample. The changes in the values of the parameters after these set numbers of cycles were evaluated statistically. The petrographic and chemical compositions of the volcanic rocks influence their physical and mechanical properties, so some changes were also observed in the ignimbrite samples after these physical processes. Freezing and thawing cycles were observed to have an obvious impact on the physical and mechanical properties of the samples. The greatest changes were observed in black ignimbrite (with ferromagnesian minerals).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altındag R, Alyıldız SI (2004) The effects of freezing–thawing cycles on the physical and mechanical properties of tuff (Isparta-Dereboğazı). In: 5th Industrial Raw Materials Symp, Izmir, Turkey, 13–14 May 2004, pp 255–262
Altındağ R, Mutlutürk M, Karagüzel R (2003) The effects of freezing–thawing cycles on the usability of Isparta andesite as a building stone. In: Proc Int Symp of Industrial Minerals and Building Stone, Istanbul, Turkey, 15–18 Sept 2003, pp 289–292
Alyıldız IS (2003) The effects of freezing–thawing cycles on the physical and mechanical behaviour of Isparta-Dereboğazı tuff. Master’s thesis, Institute of Science and Technology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, p 63
Anon (1979) Classification of rocks and soils for engineering geological mapping. Part 1. Rock and soil materials. Report of the Commission of Engineering Geological Mapping. Bull Int Ass Engine Geol 19:364–371
ASTM (2004) D5312-04: standard test method for evaluation of durability of rock for erosion control under freezing and thawing conditions, V.04.08. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia
Ayrancı B (1970) Based on quantitative investigations of Erciyes near Kayseri in Central Anatolia volcanic geology and petrology. J MTA 74:13–24
Binal A (2009) A new laboratory rock test based on freeze–thaw using a steel chamber. Q J Eng Geol Hydrogeol 42:179–198
Binal A, Kasapoğlu KE (2002) Effects of freezing and thawing process on physical and mechanical properties of Selime ignimbrite outcrops in Aksaray–Ihlara Valley. In: Sensogut C, Ozkan I (eds) VI Regional Rock Mechanics Symposium. Turkish National Society for Rock Mechanics, Seljuk University, Konya, pp 189–196 (in Turkish)
Binal A, Kasapoğlu KE, Gökçeoğlu C (1998) Variation of some physical and mechanical properties of the volcano-sedimentary rocks around Eskisehir–Yazilikaya under freezing–thawing effect. Earth Sci J 20:41–54 (in Turkish)
Binal A, Kasapoğlu KE, Seğmenoğlu Ç (2004) Comparative investigation of the effects of freezing and thawing process on geomechanical properties of Ankara ignimbrite under laboratory and field conditions. In: VII Regional Rock Mechanics Symposium, Sivas, pp 59–66 (in Turkish)
Brown ET (1981) Rock characterization, testing and monitoring. ISRM Suggested Methods. Pergamon, Oxford
Chen TC, Yeung MR, Mori N (2004) Effect of water saturation on deterioration of welded tuff due to freeze–thaw action. Cold Reg Sci Technol 38:127–136
Çobanoğlu İ, Özpınar Y, Özbek Ö (2003) Engineering properties of tuffs in the Sandıklı region (Afyon-Turkey) and their possible use as concrete aggregates. Bull Eng Geol Environ 62:369–378
Deere DU, Miller RP (1966) Engineering classification and index properties for intact rock. Technical report no. AFWL-TR–65–116. Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Albuquerque, pp 65–116
Ercan T (1985) Cenozoic volcanism in Central Anatolia. Department of Geological Survey, MTA, Ankara, pp 119–140
Gamble JC (1971) Durability–plasticity classification of shales and other argillaceous rocks. Ph.D. thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign
Hale PA, Shakoor A (2003) A laboratory investigation of the effects of cyclic heating and cooling, wetting and drying, and freezing and thawing on the compressive strength of selected sandstones. Environ Eng Geosci 9:117–130
Innocenti F, Mazzuoli R, Pasquare G, Radicati F, Villari L (1975) The Neogene calc-alkaline volcanism of Central Anatolia: geochronological data on Kayseri-Niğde area. Geol Mag 112(4):349–360
Ketin İ (1983) An overview of the geology of Turkey. Library of Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 1259, 595
Lisø KR, Kvande T, Hygen HO, Thue JV, Harstveit K (2007) A frost decay index for porous, mineral building materials. Build Environ 42:3547–3555
Mutluturk M, Altındag R, Turk G (2004) A decay function model for the integrity loss of rock when subjected to recurrent cycles of freezing–thawing and heating–cooling. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 41:237–244
Öner F, Turkmen S, Özbek A, Karakaya T (2006) Engineering properties of Hınıs ignimbrites and their usability as a building stone (Erzurum, Turkey). Environ Geol Int J Geosci (SCI) 50:275–284
Ozbek A, Unsal M, Dikec A (2013) Estimating uniaxial compressive strength of rocks using GEP. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 5:325–329. doi:10.1007/s13369-011-0037-9
Sengün N, Altindag R, Mutlutürk M, Karagüzel R, Kistir R (2008) The effects of freezing–thawing cycles on the physical and mechanical properties of limestone. Suleyman Demirel Univ J Inst Sci Technol 12-2:128–134
Simonsen E, Isacsson U (1999) Thaw weakening of pavement structure in cold regions. Cold Reg Sci Technol 29:135–151
Topal T, Sözmen B (2003) Deterioration mechanism of tuffs in Midas monument. Eng Geol 68:201–233
TS EN 12371 (2003): Natural stone test methods—determination of frost resistance. Institute of Turkish Standards (Turk Standartları Enstitusü, TSE), Ankara, p 8
Yavuz H (2011) Effect of freeze–thaw and thermal shock weathering on the physical and mechanical properties of an andesite stone. Bull Eng Geol Environ 70(2):187–192
Yavuz AB (2012) Durability assessment of the Alacatı tuff (Izmir) in western Turkey. Environ Earth Sci 67:1909–1925
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Özbek, A. Investigation of the effects of wetting–drying and freezing–thawing cycles on some physical and mechanical properties of selected ignimbrites. Bull Eng Geol Environ 73, 595–609 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-013-0519-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-013-0519-y