Abstract
The present work is based on the computational study of MoS2 monolayer and effect of tensile strain on its atomic level structure. The bandgap for MoS2 monolayer, defected MoS2 monolayer and Silicon-doped monolayer are 1.82 eV (direct bandgap), 0.04 (indirect bandgap) and 1.25 eV (indirect bandgap), respectively. The impact of tensile strain (0-0.7 %) on the bandgap and effective mass of charge carriers of these MoS2 structures has been investigated. The bandgap decrease of 5.76 %, 31.86 % and 6.03 % has been observed in the three structures for biaxial strain while the impact of uniaxial strain is quite low. The impact of higher temperature on the bandgap under biaxial tensile strain has been also analyzed in this paper. These observations are extremely important for 2D material-based research for electronic applications.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Code Availability
We have used VNL-ATK QuantumWise Software for implementation.
References
Davis ME, Zuckerman JE, Choi CHJ, Seligson D, Tolcher A, Alabi CA, Yen Y, Heidel J, Ribas A (2010) Evidence of RNAi in humans from systemically administered siRNA via targeted nanoparticles. Nature 464:1067–1070. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08956
Joseph JD, Kumaragurubaran B, Sathish S (2019) Effect of MoS2 on the wear behavior of Aluminium (AlMg0. 5Si) composite. Silicon 12:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-019-00238-x
Karakoti AS, Tsigkou O, Yue S, Lee PD, Stevens MM, Jones JR, Seal S (2010) Rare earth oxides as nanoadditives in 3-D nanocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration. J Mater Chem 20:8912–8919. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM01072C
Tiwari JN, Tiwari RN, Kim KS (2012) Zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructured materials for advanced electrochemical energy devices. Prog Mater Sci 57:724–803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2011.08.003
Mas-Balleste R, Gomez-Navarro C, Gomez-Herrero J, Zamora F (2011) 2D materials: to graphene and beyond. Nanoscale 3:20–30. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0NR00323A
Boochani A, Veisi S (2018) The vanadium effect on electronic and optical response of MoS2 graphene-like: using DFT. Silicon 10:2855–2863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-9825-0
Novoselov KS, Jiang D, Schedin F, Booth TJ, Khotkevich VV, Morozov SV, Geim AK (2005) Two-dimensional atomic crystals. Proc Natl Acad Sci 102:10451–10453. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0502848102
Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Katsnelson MI, Grigorieva IV, Dubonos SV, Firsov AA (2005) Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene. Nature 438:197–200. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04233
Geim AK, Novoselov KS (2010) The rise of graphene.: a review. Nanosci Technol :11–19. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814287005_0002
Choi W, Lahiri I, Seelaboyina R, Kang YS (2010) Synthesis of graphene and its applications: a review. Solid State Mater Sci 35:52–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408430903505036
Allen MJ, Tung VC, Kaner RB (2010) Honeycomb carbon: a review of graphene. Chem Rev 110:132–145. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr900070d
Beiranvand R, Valedbagi S (2016) Electronic and optical properties of advance semiconductor materials: BN, AlN and GaN nanosheets from first principles. Optik 127:1553–1560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.10.194
Shi Z, Zhang Z, Kutana A, Yakobson BI (2015) Predicting two-dimensional silicon carbide monolayers. ACS Nano 9:9802–9809. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b02753
Javan MB (2016) Electronic and magnetic properties of monolayer SiC sheet doped with 3d-transition metals. J Magn Magn Mater 401:656–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.10.103
Beiranvand R, Valedbagi S (2015) Electronic and optical properties of h-BN nanosheet: A first principles calculation. Diam Relat Mater 58:190–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2015.07.008
Chaurasiya R, Dixit A, Pandey R (2019) Strain-driven thermodynamic stability and electronic transitions in ZnX (X = O, S, Se, and Te) monolayers. J Appl Phys 125:082540. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5053680
Pradhan D, Kar JP (2021) Role of process parameters on microstructural and electronic properties of rapid thermally grown MoS2 thin films on silicon substrates. Silicon 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-00959-y
Aghili S, Beiranvand R, Elahi SM, Abolhasani MR (2016) Half-metallic ferromagnetism in Mn-doped zigzag AlN nanoribbon from first-principles. J Magn Magn Mater 420:122–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.06.067
Beiranvand R (2016) Electronic and magnetic properties of Cd-doped zigzag AlN nanoribbons from first principles. Rare Met 35:771–778. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-015-0471-z
Chegeni M, Beiranvand R, Valedbagi S (2017) Generating tunable magnetism in AlN nanoribbons using anion/cation vacancies: a first-principles prediction. Braz J Phys 47:137–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-016-0480-x
Papageorgiou DG, Kinloch IA, Young RJ (2017) Mechanical properties of graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites. Prog Mater Sci 90:75–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.07.004
Peres NM, Araújo MA, Bozi D (2004) Phase diagram and magnetic collective excitations of the Hubbard model for graphene sheets and layers. Phys Rev B 70:195122. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.195122
Wang QH, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kis A, Coleman JN, Strano MS (2012) Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. Nat Nanotechnol 7:699–712. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2012.193
Chhowalla M, Liu Z, Zhang H (2015) Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets. Chem Soc Rev 44:2584–2586. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CS90037A
Fiori G, Bonaccorso F, Iannaccone G, Tomás Palacios, Neumaier D, Seabaugh A, Banerjee SK, Colombo L (2014) Electronics based on two-dimensional materials. Nat Nanotechnol 9:768–779. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.207
Gupta A, Sakthivel T, Seal S (2015) Recent development in 2D materials beyond graphene. Prog Mater Sci 73:44–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.02.002
Mak KF, Lee C, Hone J, Shan J, Heinz TF (2010) Atomically thin MoS2: a new direct-gap semiconductor. Phys Rev Lett 105:136805. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.136805
Gutierrez HR, Perea-Lopez N, Elías AL, Berkdemir A, Wang B, Lv R, Lopez-Urias F, Crespi VH, Terrones H, Terrones M (2013) Extraordinary room-temperature photoluminescence in triangular WS2 monolayers. Nano Lett 13:3447–3454. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3026357
Chang CH, Fan X, Lin SH, Kuo JL (2013) Orbital analysis of electronic structure and phonon dispersion in MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2 monolayers under strain. Phys Rev B 88:195420. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.195420
Deng S, Li L, Li M (2018) Stability of direct band gap under mechanical strains for monolayer MoS2, MoSe2, WS2 and WSe2. Physica E 101:44–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2018.03.016
Wang X, Shi J (2017) Strain effects on the interaction between NO2 and the Mo-edge of the MoS2 zigzag nanoribbon. IEEE Trans Nanotechnol 16:982–990. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2017.2737942
Yu S, Xiong HD, Eshun K, Yuan H, Li Q (2015) Phase transition, effective mass and carrier mobility of MoS2 monolayer under tensile strain. Appl Surf Sci 325:27–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.11.079
Ni J, Quintana M, Jia F, Song S (2021) Tailoring the electronic and optical properties of layered blue phosphorene/XC (X = Ge, Si) vdW heterostructures by strain engineering. Physica E 127:114460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2020.114460
Beiranvand R (2021) Theoretical investigation of electronic and optical properties of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides MoX2 (X = S, Se, Te) from first-principles. Physica E 126:114416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2020.114416
Almayyali AO, Muhsen HO, Merdan M, Obeid MM, Jappor HR (2021) Two-dimensional ZnI2 monolayer as a photocatalyst for water splitting and improvement its electronic and optical properties by strains. Physica E 126:114487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2020.114487
Liu MY, Gong L, Li WZ, Zhang ML, He Y, Cao C (2021) Band engineering of XBi (X = Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb) single layers via strain and surface chemical-modulation. Appl Surf Sci 540:148268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148268
Solyaev Y, Lurie S (2021) Electric field, strain and inertia gradient effects on anti-plane wave propagation in piezoelectric materials. J Sound Vib 494:115898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2020.115898
Li H, Hou J, Duan Q, Jiang D (2021) Hexagonal borophene sandwiched between blue phosphorenes: A novel bonding heterostructure as an anchoring material for lithium-sulfur batteries. Appl Surf Sci 545:148770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148770
Hoat DM, Ponce-Perez R, Vu TV, Rivas-Silva JF, Cocoletzi GH (2021) Theoretical analysis of the HfS2 monolayer electronic structure and optical properties under vertical strain effects. Optik 225:165718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165718
Phuc HV, Hieu NN, Ilyasov VV, Phuong LTT, Nguyen CV (2018) First principles study of the electronic properties and band gap modulation of two-dimensional phosphorene monolayer: Effect of strain engineering. Superlattices Microstruct 118:289–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2018.04.018
Naseri M, Hoat DM, Salehi K, Amirian S (2020) Theoretical prediction of 2D XI2 (X = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) monolayers by density functional theory. J Mol Graph Model 95:107501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.107501
QuantumWise, QuantumWise (Online). Available: https://www.quantumwise.com/. Accessed 12 Feb 2021
Kohn W, Sham LJ (1965) Self-consistent equations including exchange and correlation effects. Phys Rev 140:A1133. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.140.A1133
Liu DC, Nocedal J (1989) On the limited memory BFGS method for large scale optimization. Math Program 45:503–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01589116
Cai Y, Zhang G, Zhang YW (2014) Polarity-reversed robust carrier mobility in monolayer MoS2 nanoribbons. J Am Chem Soc 136:6269–6275. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja4109787
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India for providing valuable support to carry out this study in VLSI & Nano Laboratory.
Funding
The authors are thankful to National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) for supporting this research work. However, no funding was received with the preparation of this manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception, simulation and analysis. All the authors have contributed in writing the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interest
Authors have no conflict of interest.
Ethics Approval
The reported work did not involve any human’s participation and/or did not harm welfare of animals.
Consent to Participate
Not required as this manuscript does not contain participation of humans/children/animals.
Consent for Publication
Not required as this manuscript does not contain participation of humans/children/animals.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kaushal, P., Chaudhary, T. & Khanna, G. Effect of Tensile Strain on Performance Parameters of Different Structures of MoS2 Monolayer. Silicon 14, 4935–4943 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01256-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01256-4