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Monoclinic β-AgVO3 coupled with CdS formed a 1D/1D p–n heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Abstract

Improving the separation of photogenerated carriers and suppressing the rapid complication of electron–hole pairs are essential ways to improve photocatalytic hydrogen production activity. The high recombination rate of the photogenerated carriers is an issue encountered when developing CdS as a promising photocatalytic material. This work allowed to accelerate the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes by loading monoclinic β-AgVO3 on hexagonal CdS nanorods to construct a one-dimensional (1D)/1D p-n heterojunction. The introduction of monoclinic β-AgVO3 with a narrow band gap effectively improves the light absorption of CdS, which is conducive to improving the use of visible light. The integrated electric field of the p–n heterojunction can effectively transfer electrons and holes in the direction suitable to hydrogen evolution. The photoluminescence and electrochemical characterization of the catalysts showed that the p–n heterojunction formed after loading β-AgVO3 greatly improved the separation efficiency of photocarriers. The hydrogen evolution experiments show that the composite catalyst has good photocatalytic hydrogen evolution capability and stability. The composite catalyst with the best photocatalytic performance was obtained by studying β-AgVO3 with different loadings. The composite catalyst reached 581.5 μmol of hydrogen amount within 5 h, which is 3.8 times higher than that of CdS alone and its apparent quantum efficiency reaches 8.02%. The present work provides a possible solution for the development of perovskite and the extensiveness of CdS in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

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摘要

提高光生载流子的分离并抑制电子空穴对的快速复合是提升光催化析氢活性的主要因素之一。CdS作为一种具有前景的光催化材料，光生载流子的高复合率是其发展过程中面临的问题。本工作通过在六方相CdS纳米棒上加载单斜晶β-AgVO3来构建一维/一维p-n异质结，可以加速光生电子和空穴的分离。β-AgVO3的引入有效提升了CdS的光吸收能力，从而提高可见光的利用率。p-n异质结的内建电场可以有效地将电子和空穴转移到适合析氢的方向。光致发光和电化学表征表明，负载β-AgVO3后形成的p-n异质结大大提高了光载流子的分离效率。析氢实验表明，该复合催化剂具有良好的光催化析氢能力和稳定性。通过对不同负载量的β-AgVO3进行研究，得到了具有最佳光催化性能的复合催化剂。复合催化剂在5 h内氢气量达到581.5 μmol，是单纯CdS催化剂的3.8倍，表观量子效率达到8.02%。本工作为钙钛矿在光催化析氢方面的发展和CdS的拓展提供了新的可行方案。

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22062001 and 21975084).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China

    Xuan-Pu Wang & Zhi-Liang Jin

  2. Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Xin Li

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  1. Xuan-Pu Wang
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  2. Zhi-Liang Jin
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  3. Xin Li
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Correspondence to Zhi-Liang Jin or Xin Li.

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Wang, XP., Jin, ZL. & Li, X. Monoclinic β-AgVO3 coupled with CdS formed a 1D/1D p–n heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Rare Met. 42, 1494–1507 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02183-y

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