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Nanocarbon-based electrode materials applied for supercapacitors

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Abstract

As one of the promising energy storage and conversion systems, supercapacitors (SCs) are highly favored owing to their high power density and good service life. Among all the key components of supercapacitor devices, the design and investigation of electrode materials play an essential role in determining the whole electrochemical charge storage performance. Recently, nanocarbon-based materials (e.g., graphene, carbon dots, graphene quantum dots, etc.) have been widely used as SC electrode materials because of their good physical structure and chemical properties, providing a new route to further improve the energy density and life span of SCs. Here, we review the latest progress of nanocarbon-based materials (including nanocarbon and nanocarbon-based composite materials) as electrode materials in SCs application. The recent progress of carbon dots, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and other nanocarbon materials electrodes is summarized, while the capacitance and energy density of the above nanocarbon electrodes still need to be improved. Then, the preparation and performance of nanocarbon-based composite electrodes comprising transition metal oxides, conductive polymer, and metal–organic framework derived porous carbon are reviewed. Finally, we outline major challenges and propose some ideas on building better nanocarbon-based SC electrodes.

Graphic Abstract

摘要

超级电容器 (SCs) 作为有前途的储能和转换系统之一, 因其高功率密度和良好的使用寿命而备受青睐。在超级电容器器件的所有关键部件中, 电极材料的设计和研究在决定整个电化学电荷存储性能方面起着至关重要的作用。近年来, 纳米碳基材料 (包括石墨烯, 碳点和石墨烯量子点等) 因其独特的物理结构和化学性质被广泛用作SC电极材料, 为进一步提高超级电容器能量密度和寿命提供了新途径。本文概述了纳米碳基材料 (包括纳米碳和纳米碳基复合材料) 作为电极材料在SC应用中的最新进展。在“全碳复合材料”部分, 我们简要介绍了碳点, 石墨烯, 碳纳米管等纳米碳材料电极的最新进展。而上述纳米碳电极的电容和能量密度仍有待提高。在“复合电极材料”部分, 综述了由过渡金属氧化物, 导电聚合物和金属有机骨架 (MOF) 衍生的多孔碳组成的纳米碳基复合电极的制备和性能。最后, 我们总结了本领域面临的一些主要挑战, 并提出了一些关于在 超级电容器 应用中构建更好的碳基纳米材料电极的想法。

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Fig. 1

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [33]. Copyright 2017, Wiley–VCH

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Reproduced with permission from Ref. [89]. Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society

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Fig. 7

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [117]. Copyright 2017, Elsevier

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52172033 and 22005280), Anhui Province Key Research and Development Plan Project International Science and Technology Cooperation Special Project (No. 202004b11020015). We acknowledge the support of the Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China and the Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, China. We also acknowledge the support of the Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province, China.

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  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China

    Yu-Xiang Yang & Hong Bi

  2. CIRIMAT, UMR CNRS 5085, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, 31062, France

    Kang-Kang Ge

  3. CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China

    Sajid ur Rehman

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  1. Yu-Xiang Yang
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Yang, YX., Ge, KK., ur Rehman, S. et al. Nanocarbon-based electrode materials applied for supercapacitors. Rare Met. 41, 3957–3975 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02091-1

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