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Multifarious diagnostic possibilities of the S100 protein family: predominantly in pediatrics and neonatology

  • Review Article
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Abstract

Background

Numerous articles related to S100 proteins have been recently published. This review aims to introduce this large protein family and its importance in the diagnostics of many pathological conditions in children and adults.

Data sources

Based on original publications found in database systems, we summarize the current knowledge about the S100 protein group and highlight the most important proteins with focus on pediatric use.

Results

The S100 family is composed of Ca2+ and Zn2+ binding proteins, which are present only in vertebrates. Some of these proteins can be used as diagnostic markers in cardiology (S100A1, S100A12), oncology (S100A2, S100A5, S100A6, S100A14, S100A16, S100P, S100B), neurology (S100B), rheumatology (S100A8/A9, S100A4, S100A6, and S100A12), nephrology and infections (S100A8, S100A9, S100A8/A9, S100A12). The most useful S100 proteins in pediatrics are S100A8, S100A9, heterodimers S100A8/A9, S100B and S100A12.

Conclusions

The S100 family members are promising biomarkers and provide numerous possibilities for implementation into clinical practice to optimize the differential diagnostic process.

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided by Palacky University Olomouc and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (grant nos IGA LF UP 2017_13, NPU LO 1304).

Funding

This review was supported by grants NPU LO 1304 and IGA LF UP 2017_13.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Anna Medkova, Josef Srovnal, Jarmila Potomkova, Jana Volejnikova & Vladimir Mihal

  2. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská, 1333/5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Josef Srovnal, Jana Volejnikova & Vladimir Mihal

  3. Department of Science and Research, University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Jarmila Potomkova

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  1. Anna Medkova
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Contributions

AM is the principal author of this review. JS was responsible for laboratory part of the article and drafted part of the manuscript from the point of senior researcher’s view. JP searched for publications in database systems and revised the manuscript. JV revised the manuscript and performed the language editing. VM was a supervisor of the project.

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Correspondence to Anna Medkova.

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Medkova, A., Srovnal, J., Potomkova, J. et al. Multifarious diagnostic possibilities of the S100 protein family: predominantly in pediatrics and neonatology. World J Pediatr 14, 315–321 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-018-0163-5

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