Abstract
S100 proteins are the largest subgroup within the superfamily of Ca2+-binding proteins characterized by the specific Ca2+-binding motif, the EF-hand. S100 proteins are closely associated with cardiovascular diseases, various types of cancer, inflammation, autoimmune pathologies, and brain disorders. Mutations in S100A3 and S100A13 are linked to the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis, a disease resulting in inflammation, fibrosis, and eventually death. S100 proteins are of great clinical use as biomarkers and potential drug targets, helping to improve the diagnosis of those human diseases in children and adults, leading to more selective therapeutic interventions.
References
Al-Mutairy EA et al (2019) An atypical pulmonary fibrosis is associated with co-inheritance of mutations in the calcium binding protein genes S100A3 and S100A13. Eur Respir J. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02041-2018
Ambartsumian N et al (2019) The multifaceted S100A4 protein in cancer and inflammation. In: Heizmann CW (ed) Calcium-binding proteins of the EF-hand superfamily: from basics to medical applications, Methods Mol Biol, vol 1929. Springer Protocols/Humana Press, pp 339–365
Awad SM et al (2018) Serum levels of psoriasin (S100A7) and koebnerisin (S100A15) as potential markers of atherosclerosis in patients with psoriasis. Clin Exp Dermatol 43:262–267
Birlea SA (2017) S100B: correlation with active vitiligo depigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 137:1408–1410
Calderone V et al (2019) Reviewing the crystal structure of S100Z and other members of the S100 family: implications in calcium-regulated quaternary structure. in: Claus W. Heizmann (ed.), Calcium-binding proteins of the EF-hand superfamily: from basics to medical applications, Methods Mol Biol, vol. 1929, pp 487-499., Springer Protocols/Humana Press.
Cavalier MC et al (2014) Covalent small molecule inhibitors of Ca(2+)-bound S100B. Biochemistry 53:6628–6640
Cho CC et al (2016) Pentamidine blocks the interaction between mutant S100A5 and RAGE V domain and inhibits the RAGE signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Commun 477:188–194
D’Amico F et al (2016) S100A7: a rAMPing up AMP molecule in psoriasis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 32:97–104
Donato R et al (2002) Functions of S100 proteins. Curr Mol Med 13:24–57
Fritz G et al (2002) The crystal structure of the metal-free human EF-hand protein S100A3 at 1.7-A resolution. J Biol Chem 277:33092–33098
Hansen MT et al (2014) A link between inflammation and metastasis: serum amyloid A1 and A3 induce metastasis, and are targets of metastasis-inducing S100A4. Oncogene. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2013.568
Heizmann CW (2019a) S100 proteins: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in laboratory medicine. Biochim Biophys Mol Cell Res 1866:1197–1206
Heizmann CW (2019b) Calcium-binding proteins of the EF-hand superfamily: from basics to medical applications. Methods Mol Biol 1929:157–186. Springer Protocols, Humana Press
Holzinger D et al (2019) Alarmins of the S100-family in juvenile autoimmune and auto-inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 10:182. https://doi.org/10.03389/fimmu.201900182.eCollection
Khan MI et al (2018) S100B as an antagonist to block the interaction between S100A1 and the RAGE V domain. PLoS One 13(2):e0190545
Leclerc E, Heizmann CW (2011) The importance of Ca2+/Zn2+-signaling S100 proteins and their receptor RAGE in translational medicine: impact on diagnostics and therapy in human disorders. Front Biosci S3:1232–1262
Lee DH et al (2016) Discovery at the interface: towards novel anti-proliferative agents targeting human estrogen receptor/S100 interactions. Cell Cycle 15:2806–2818
Marenholz I et al (2004) S100 proteins in mouse and man: from evolution to function and pathology (including an update of the nomenclature). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 322:111–1122
Maurakis S et al (2019) The novel interaction between Neisseria gonorrhoeae TdfJ and human S100A7 allows gonococci to subvert host Zinc restriction. PLoS Pathog. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007937
Moroz OV et al (2002) The structure of S100A12 in a hexameric form and its proposed role in receptor signaling. Acta Cristallogr D Biol Crystallogr 58:407–413
Ostendorp T et al (2007) Structural and functional insights into RAGE activation by multimeric S100B. EMBO J 26:3868–3878
Pleger ST et al (2007) Stable myocardial-specific AAV6-S100A1 gene therapy results in chronic functional heart failure rescue. Circulation 115:2506–2515
Riuzzi F et al (2019) S100 proteins in obesity: liaisons dangereuses. Cell Mol Life Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-019-03257.4
Spratt DE et al (2019) A subset of calcium-binding S100 proteins show preferential heterodimerization. FEBS J 286:1859–1876
Syed DN et al (2018) Ousting RAGE in melanoma: a viable therapeutic target? Semin Cancer Biol 49:20–28
Vogl T et al (2018) Autoinhibitory regulation of S100A8/S100A9 alarmin activity locally restricts sterile imflammation. J Clin Invest. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI89867
Wang W et al (2014) Differential effects of S100 proteins A2 and A6 on cardiac Ca2+ cycling and contractile performance. J Mol Cell Cardiol 72:117–125
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
About this entry
Cite this entry
Heizmann, C.W. (2021). S100 Proteins. In: Offermanns, S., Rosenthal, W. (eds) Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21573-6_225-2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21573-6_225-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-21573-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-21573-6
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences
Publish with us
Chapter history
-
Latest
S100 Proteins- Published:
- 02 September 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21573-6_225-2
-
Original
S100 Proteins- Published:
- 13 May 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21573-6_225-1