Abstract
Malachite green (MG) is extensively used in various industries including the food sector, despite having carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic effects. In the present study, sodium alginate/bentonite (SA/Bnt) nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized to evaluate its potential as an adsorbent to remove MG dye from aqueous solution. The response surface method (RSM) was utilized to optimize the process, and the kinetics of adsorption were evaluated based on experiments carried out thereon. The first-order model was shown to have a decent connection between some parameters and the outcome in this experimental situation. ANOVA results showed that only three of the five parameters (MG dye concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dosage) were important in the removal of the dye. The process parameters such as dye concentration (10–50 mg L−1), contact time (10–60 min), adsorbent dosage (0.5–1.5 g L−1), pH (3–8), and temperature (25–55 °C) were optimized to achieve maximum dye removal, which was around 96%. The correlation of pseudo-second-order kinetic was found to be best fitted with adsorption data with an R2 value of 1.00. The synthesized nanocomposites were found to be effective as bio-adsorbent agents.
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Acknowledgements
The authors of this study gratefully acknowledge Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, USA, for providing design expert trial version 13 and University Sophisticated Instrumentation Center of Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (Lucknow, India) for providing the facility for sample characterizations. One of us (Devesh Vishwakarma) also thanks the University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi, Government of India, for providing a UGC-Non-NET fellowship.
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Devesh Vishwakarma (Ph.D. student): conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft, investigation, and visualization. Shalu Rawat (Ph.D. student): data curation and writing—review and editing. Deepa Kannaujiya (Ph.D. student): writing—review and editing. Shikha (Professor): writing—review and editing and supervision. Brijesh Shukla (Ph.D.): data curation and editing.
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Vishwakarma, D., Rawat, S., Kannaujiya, D. et al. Adsorption of malachite green onto sodium alginate/bentonite (SA/Bnt) nanocomposite: optimization and modeling via RSM-DSD and insight kinetics and mechanism of adsorption. Arab J Geosci 17, 152 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11964-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11964-x