Abstract
Glipizide is a second-generation sulfonylurea antidiabetic drug. It is principally metabolized to inactive metabolites by genetically polymorphic CYP2C9 enzyme. In this study, we investigated the effects of CYP2C9*3 and *13 variant alleles on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glipizide. Twenty-four healthy Korean volunteers (11 subjects with CYP2C9*1/*1, 8 subjects with CYP2C9*1/*3, and 5 subjects with CYP2C9*1/*13) were recruited for this study. They were administered a single oral dose of glipizide 5 mg. The plasma concentration of glipizide was quantified for pharmacokinetic analysis and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were measured as pharmacodynamic parameters. The results represented that CYP2C9*3 and *13 alleles significantly affected the pharmacokinetics of glipizide. In subjects with CYP2C9*1/*3 and CYP2C9*1/*13 genotypes, the mean AUC0–∞ were increased by 44.8% and 58.2%, respectively (both P < 0.001), compared to those of subjects with CYP2C9*1/*1 genotype, while effects of glipizide on plasma glucose and insulin levels were not significantly different between CYP2C9 genotype groups. In conclusion, individuals carrying the defective CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*13 alleles have markedly elevated plasma concentrations of glipizide compared with CYP2C9*1/*1 wild-type.
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This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning (NRF-2019R1A2C1004582).
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Kim, NT., Cho, C., Kang, P. et al. Effects of CYP2C9*3 and *13 alleles on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glipizide in healthy Korean subjects. Arch. Pharm. Res. 45, 114–121 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-021-01366-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-021-01366-y