Skip to main content
Log in

A Semi-analytical and Experimental Approach Using Molecular Dynamic Simulation for Thermo-mechanical Properties of Surface Functionalized Epoxy/Polyurethane/MWCNT/ZnMoO4 Nanocomposites

  • Published:
Fibers and Polymers Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this research, the effect of ZnMoO4 nanoparticles (ZM NPs: A) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT: B) on the tensile strength of the epoxy/polyurethane (EP) matrix was investigated using the response surface methodology (RSM). This model was examined through an experimental procedure, and the results illustrated that the RSM was an appropriate tool for optimizing ε, σy, and σu. In addition, due to the importance of the interaction energy (Eint.) for understanding chemical reactions, the Eint. of the SWCNT-COOH, ZM NPs and SWCNT-COOH/ZM particles with the EP/PU polymers was assessed using the molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The results revealed that the Eint., values for the EP/PU/ZM, EP/PU/SWCNT-COOH, EP/PU/ZM/SWCNT-COOH nanocomposites were −31.08, −18.18, and −50.33 eV, respectively. Therefore, the Eint. values between EP/PU and ZM/SWCNT-COOH was obviously higher than that of the EP/PU/CNT and EP/PU/ZM specimens.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Lu, W. Chun, J. Yu, and X. Yang, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 109, 2095 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. N. Shabani, M. Hamadanian, A. R. Ghasemi, and M. Sarafrazi, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater., 28, 2689 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. A. K. Tavadi, N. Mohan, and C. R. Mahesha, Int. J. Mater. Sci., 10, 133 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  4. S. Kumar Singh, S. Singh, A. Kumar, and A. Jain, Eng. Fract. Mech., 184, 241 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. A. P. Isfahani, M. Sadeghi, A. H. Saeedi Dehaghani, and M. A. Aravand, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 67 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. L. Zhang, H. Jiao, H. Jiu, J. Chang, Sh. Zhang, and Y. Zhao, Compos. Part A-Appl. Sci. Manuf., 90, 286 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Verma, S. Das, S. Mohanty, and S. K. Nayak, Polym. Advan. Technol., 30, 2275 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Gu, S. Tadakamalla, Y. Huang, H. A. Colorado, Z. Luo, N. Haldolaarachchige, D. P. Young, S. Wei, and Z. Guo, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 4, 5613 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. X. Meng, M. Wang, C. Cong, H. Ye, and Q. Zhou, Polym. Compos., 40, E1642 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Rathi and S. I. Kundalwal, Polym. Compos., 41, 2491 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Z. Khanam, V. Singh, and M. G. Zaidi, Polym. Adv. Technol., 29, 2457 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Z. Xu, N. Deng, L. Yan, and Z. Chu, Polym. Adv. Technol., 29, 3002 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Begum, H. Ullah, A. Kausar, M. Siddiq, and M. A. Aleem, Polym. Compos., 40, E776 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  14. M. K. Kassa and A. B. Arumugam, Polym. Compos., 41, 3322 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. H. Mohit and V. A. Selvan, Fiber. Polym., 20, 1918 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Zhai, L. Wei, H. E. Karahan, Y. Wang, C. Wang, A. Montoya, Q. Shao, X. Wang, and Y. Chen, Carbon, 132, 698 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Jahandideh, M. J. Shirazi, and M. Tavakoli, Fiber. Polym., 18, 1995 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Jia, X. Sun, X. Lin, X. Shen, Y.-W. Mai, and J.-K. Kim, ACS Nano, 8, 5774 (2014).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. X. D. Li, H. S. Gao, W. A. Scrivens, D. L. Fei, X. Y. Xu, M. A. Sutton, A. P. Reynolds, and M. L. Myrick, Nanotechnology, 15, 1416 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. C. Hou, J. Wang, W. Du, J. Wang, Y. Du, C. Liu, J. Zhang, H. Hou, F. Dang, L. Zhao, and Z. Guo, J. Mater. Chem. A, 7, 13460 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. C. Hou, Z. Tai, L. Zhao, Y. Zhai, Y. Hou, Y. Fan, F. Dang, J. Wang, and H. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 9723 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Z.-Y. Zhou, N. Tian, J.-T. Li, I. Broadwell, and S.-G. Sun, Chem. Soc. Rev., 40, 4167 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. K. S. Khare, F. Khabaz, and R. Khare, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 6098 (2014).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. A. Kumar, K. Kumar, P. K. Ghosh, and K. L. Yadav, Ultrason. Sonochem., 41, 37 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Y. He, S. Yang, H. Liu, Q. Shao, Q. Chen, C. Lu, Y. Jiang, C. Liu, and Z. Guo, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 517, 40 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Y. R. Jiang, W. W. Lee, K. T. Chen, M. C. Wang, K. H. Chang, and C. C. Chen, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 45, 207 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Ramezani, S. M. Hosseinpour-Mashkani, A. Sobhani-Nasab, and H. G. Estarki, J. Mater. Sei-Mater El., 26, 7588 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. A. P. Praharaj, D. Behera, T. K. Bastia, and A. K. Rout, Nanotechnology, 2015, 123153 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  29. M. Sarafrazi, M. Hamadanian, and A. R. Ghasemi, Mech. Mater., 138, 103154 (2019).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. A. Dean, D. Voss, and D. Draguljić, “Design and Analysis of Experiments”, pp.565–614, Springer, 2017.

  31. S. R. Mirmasoomi, M. M. Ghazi, and M. Galedari, Sep. Purif. Technol., 175, 418 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. P. M. Moteshaker, S. Saadi, and S. E. Rokni, Water Environ. Res., 92, 975 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. M. Zbair, Z. Anfar, H. A. Ahsaine, N. El Alem, and M. Ezahri, J. Environ. Manage., 206, 383 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. F. Nemati, R. Zare-Dorabei, M. Hosseini, and M. R. Ganjali, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 255, 2078 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. B. J. Reddy, P. Vickraman, and A. S. Justin, Appl. Phys. A, 124, 409 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. B. P. Singh, V. Choudhary, S. Teotia, T. K. Gupta, V. Nand, S. R. Singh, and R. B. Mathur, Adv. Mater. Lett., 6, 104 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. S. Singha and M. J. Thomas, Dielect. El. In., 15, 12 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Y.-H. Wang, W.-H. Wang, Z. Zhang, L. Xu, and P. Li, Eur. Polym. J., 75, 36 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. G. Romhány and G. Szebényi, Plast Rubber Compos., 37, 214 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Y. Shimamura, K. Oshima, K. Tohgo, T. Fujii, K. Shirasu, G. Yamamoto, T. Hashida, K. Goto, T. Ogasawara, and K. Naito, Compos. Part A-Appl. Sci. Manuf., 62, 32 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Y.-K. Choi, K. Sugimoto, S.-M. Song, Y. Gotoh, Y. Ohkoshi, and M. Endo, Carbon, 43, 2199 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Y. Zhou, M. I. Jeelani, and S. Jeelani, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 506, 39 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. M. Ashrafi, A. R. Ghasemi, and M. Hamadanian, Polym. Test., 78, 105946 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. O. Mtioui-Sghaier, R. Mendoza-Merono, L. Ktari, M. Dammak, and S. García-Granda, Acta Cryst. E, 71, 6 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. S. Singha and M. J. Thomas, IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul., 15, 12 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. S. I. Kundalwal and S. A. Meguid, Eur. J. Mech.-A/Solids, 53, 241 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. A. R. Alian, S. I. Kundalwal, and S. A. Meguid, Compos. Struct., 131, 545 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. S. I. Kundalwal and S. A. Meguid, Eur. J. Mech A-Solid, 64, 69 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. X. Yu, M. Zhao, P. Han, and X. Lv, The Pharm. Chem. J., 5, 232 (2018).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. K. Hedayati, A. Zendehnam, and F. Hassanpour, J. Nanostruct., 6, 207 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. L. Fei-Zhou, L. Zheng-Lin, Y. Zhi-Huai, and Q. Kai, Polimery, 60, 468 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ahmad Reza Ghasemi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sarafrazi, M., Ghasemi, A.R. & Hamadanian, M. A Semi-analytical and Experimental Approach Using Molecular Dynamic Simulation for Thermo-mechanical Properties of Surface Functionalized Epoxy/Polyurethane/MWCNT/ZnMoO4 Nanocomposites. Fibers Polym 22, 2306–2315 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0720-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0720-8

Keywords

Navigation