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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Among Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Cultivars as Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeat and Novel Genic Markers

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Abstract

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important cool season legume crop widely grown around the world. This research provides a basis for selection of pea germplasm across geographical regions in current and future breeding and genetic mapping efforts for pea improvement. Eleven novel genic markers were developed from pea expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences having significant similarity with gene calls from Medicago truncatula spanning at least one intron. In this study, 96 cultivars widely grown or used in breeding programs in the USA and Canada were analyzed for genetic diversity using 31 microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 11 novel EST-derived genic markers. The polymorphic information content varied from 0.01–0.56 among SSR markers and 0.04–0.43 among genic markers. The results showed that SSR and EST-derived genic markers displayed one or more highly reproducible, multi-allelic, and easy to score loci ranging from 200 to 700 bp in size. Genetic diversity was assessed through unweighted neighbor-joining method, and 96 varieties were grouped into three main clusters based on the dissimilarity matrix. Four subpopulations were determined through STRUCTURE analysis with no significant geographic separation of the subpopulations. The findings of the present study can be used to select diverse genotypes to be used as parents of crosses aimed for breeding improved pea cultivars.

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Abbreviations

PIC:

Polymorphic information content

UNJ:

Unweighted neighbor-joining

EST:

Expressed sequence tags

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

CAPS:

Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences

SSR:

Simple sequence repeats

PAGE:

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to funding (Grant No. 2008-511010-4522) by the RAMP (Risk Assessment and Mitigation Program) of NIFA (National Institute for Food and Agriculture). The authors would like to thank Drs. Ted Helms and Javed Iqbal, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND for critical reading of manuscript.

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  1. Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA

    Shalu Jain, Ajay Kumar, Sujan Mamidi & Kevin McPhee

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA

    Shalu Jain

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  1. Shalu Jain
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Jain, S., Kumar, A., Mamidi, S. et al. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Among Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Cultivars as Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeat and Novel Genic Markers. Mol Biotechnol 56, 925–938 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-014-9772-y

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