Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion disease affect any part of the brain. The complete mechanism of ND is unknown, but there are some molecular mechanism and chemical process. Natural compounds have better compatibility with the human body along with lesser side effects. Moreover, several studies showed that various natural compounds have significant neuroprotective, potent antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, which are effective for treating the different type of ND. In ND, natural compounds act by various mechanisms such as preventing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), eliminating destructed biomolecules before their accumulation affects cell metabolism, and improving the disease conditions. But due to the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) layer and unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties of natural compounds, their delivery into the brain is limited. To minimize this problem and enhance drug delivery into the brain with an effective therapeutic dose, there is a need to develop a practical novel approach. The various studies showed that nanoformulations and microneedles (MN) containing natural compounds such as quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, chrysin, piperine, ferulic acid, huperzine A, berberine, baicalein, hesperetin, and retinoic acid effectively improved many ND. In this review, the effect of such natural drug-loaded nanoformulation and MN patches on ND management is discussed, along with their merits and demerits. This review aims to introduce different novel approaches for enhancing natural drug delivery into the brain to manage various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Abbreviations
- HTT:
-
Huntingtin
- mHTT:
-
Mutant huntingtin
- HD:
-
Huntington disease
- P-GP:
-
P-glycoprotein
- AChEIs:
-
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- RNS:
-
Reactive nitrogen species
- MAO:
-
Monoamine oxidase
- TDD:
-
Transdermal drug delivery
- SC:
-
Stratum corneum
- MN:
-
Microneedle
- PTZ:
-
Pentylenetetrazole
- ICV:
-
Intracerebroventricular
- STZ:
-
Streptozotocin
- SLN:
-
Solid lipid nanoparticles
- FDA:
-
Food and Drug Administration
- EMA:
-
European Medicine Agency
- PLGA:
-
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
- TMC:
-
Trimethylated chitosan
- PLGA:
-
Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)
- NP:
-
Nanoparticles
- NLC:
-
Nanostructured lipid carriers
- PVA:
-
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
- PVP:
-
Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)
- PLGA:
-
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PS:
-
Polystyrene
- PGA:
-
Polyglycolic acid
- PMMA:
-
Poly(methyl methacrylate)
- ND:
-
Neurodegenerative diseases
- AD:
-
Alzheimer’s disease
- MSNs:
-
Medium spiny neurons
- PD:
-
Parkinson’s disease
- ALS:
-
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- RRMS:
-
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
- MS:
-
Multiple sclerosis
- MSCs:
-
Mesenchymal stromal cells
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Akshay Bandiwadekar and Jobin Jose performed experiments, analyzed data, and wrote the manuscript. Maryam Khayatkashani and Seyed Mohamad Nabavi performed experiments and analyzed data. Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani wrote the manuscript and performed experiments. Solomon Habtemariam revised the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript; they read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Bandiwadekar, A., Jose, J., Khayatkashani, M. et al. Emerging Novel Approaches for the Enhanced Delivery of Natural Products for the Management of Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Mol Neurosci 72, 653–676 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-021-01922-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-021-01922-7