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In vitro morphogenic response in cotyledon explants of Semecarpus anacardium L.

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Abstract

Three different morphogenic responses—caulogenesis, direct somatic embryogenesis, and callusing—were noted in cotyledon explants of Semecarpus anacardium L. cultured in woody plant medium (WPM) containing thidiazuron (TDZ). Thidiazuron, at all concentrations tested, induced organogenic as well as embryogenic responses. The organogenic buds differentiated to shoots and the embryogenic mass (EM) gave rise to globular embryos which differentiated up to cotyledon-stage embryos on repeated culture in growth regulator (GR)-free WPM medium containing 0.2% activated charcoal after the removal of TDZ. The organogenic and embryogenic responses were optimal in 9.08 μM TDZ after the removal of TDZ. Elongated shoots rooted in half-strength liquid WPM medium with 2.46 μM indole butyric acid. Plants were successfully acclimatized and transferred to soil. Histological studies confirmed the direct origin of the organogenic buds from the cotyledon explants. The EMs produced somatic embryos on repeated culture in charcoal incorporated GR-free medium. Morphogenic callus formation from the cotyledon explants was also noted. This callus on repeated culture in WPM medium with charcoal differentiated into somatic embryos. Repetitive somatic embryogenesis was evident from direct and indirectly formed primary embryos. The somatic embryos did not convert into plantlets, though sporadic germination of embryos was observed through the emergence of roots.

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Abbreviations

GR:

Growth regulators

SE:

Somatic embryogenesis

EM:

Embryogenic mass

TDZ:

Thidiazuron

WPM:

Woody plant medium

IBA:

Indole butyric acid

M1:

WPM medium with thidiazuron

M2:

WPM medium with charcoal

PD:

Petri dishes

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Acknowledgments

Bhuban Mohan Panda acknowledges CSIR, New Delhi, for the research fellowship. I am very much thankful to Dr. Urmil J mehta for her constant support through out the work. Thanks are due for the reviewers who devoted their invaluable time for review and constructive suggestions for improving the quality of manuscript. Encouragement from Dr. S. K. Rawal (DOR, Ajeet Seeds Ltd) and Dr. S. N. Mukherjee for publishing the manuscript is highly appreciative. Thanks are also due for Dr. V. S. S Prasad for his constant help.

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  1. Bhuban Mohan Panda

    Present address: Ajeet Seeds Ltd, Chitegaon, Paithan, Aurangabad, 431133, Maharashtra, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Tissue Culture Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR), Pune, India

    Bhuban Mohan Panda & Sulekha Hazra

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Correspondence to Bhuban Mohan Panda.

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Panda, B.M., Hazra, S. In vitro morphogenic response in cotyledon explants of Semecarpus anacardium L.. Plant Biotechnol Rep 6, 141–148 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-011-0207-y

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