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Individual trans 18:1 Isomers are Metabolised Differently and Have Distinct Effects on Lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

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Lipids

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the metabolism of individual trans fatty acids (FAs) that can be found in ruminant fat or partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO) and determine their effects on FA composition and lipogenic gene expression in adipocytes. Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 200 µM of either trans-9-18:1, trans-11-18:1, trans-13-18:1, cis-9-18:1 or BSA vehicle control for 120 h. Trans-9-18:1 increased total cell FA content (µmole/well) compared to other FA treatments, which was mainly related to the accumulation of trans-9-18:1 in the cells. Adipocytes were able to desaturate a significant proportion of absorbed trans-11-18:1 and trans-13-18:1 (~20 and 30 % respectively) to cis-9,trans-11-18:2 and cis-9,trans-13-18:2, whereas trans-9-18:1 was mostly incorporated intact resulting in a greater lipophilic index (i.e. decreased mean FA fluidity) of adipocytes. Trans-9-18:1 up-regulated (P < 0.05) the expression of lipogenic genes including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (1.65 fold), FA synthase (1.45 fold), FA elongase-5 (1.52 fold) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (1.49 fold), compared to the control, whereas trans-11-18:1 and trans-13-18:1 did not affect the expression of these genes compared to control. Our results suggest that the metabolism and lipogenic properties of trans-11-18:1 and trans-13-18:1, typically the most abundant trans FA in beef from cattle fed forage-based diets, are similar and are different from those of trans-9-18:1, the predominant trans FA in PHVO.

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Abbreviations

ACC:

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

AFABP:

Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein

BHP:

Biohydrogenation products

c :

Cis

CLA:

Conjugated linoleic acid

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

ELOVL5:

Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein-5

FA:

Fatty acid

FAS:

Fatty acid synthase

LI:

Lipophilic index

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acids

PHVO:

Partially hydrogenated vegetable oils

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

SCD1:

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

SFA:

Saturated fatty acids

SREBP-1:

Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1

t :

Trans

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Acknowledgments

Study funding was provided through the AAFC-Peer Review program. T.D. Turner and C. Mapiye acknowledge NSERC Post-Doctoral funding provided by the Alberta Livestock and Meat Association (ALMA). P. Vahmani acknowledges NSERC post-doctoral funding provided by the AAFC-Peer Review program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada

    P. Vahmani, W. J. Meadus, T. D. Turner, P. Duff, D. C. Rolland, C. Mapiye & M. E. R. Dugan

  2. Department of Natural Resource Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, V2C 0C8, Canada

    T. D. Turner

  3. Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa

    C. Mapiye

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  1. P. Vahmani
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Correspondence to M. E. R. Dugan.

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Vahmani, P., Meadus, W.J., Turner, T.D. et al. Individual trans 18:1 Isomers are Metabolised Differently and Have Distinct Effects on Lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Lipids 50, 195–204 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-014-3982-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-014-3982-8

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