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Signaling molecules hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO): role in microalgae under adverse environmental conditions

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Abstract

In the present time, reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and gases hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) have been acknowledged as foremost signaling molecules in plants. Adverse environmental conditions are key hazard, which pointedly disturb growth and developmental processes of photoautotroph (algae) associated with decrease in the endogenous level of important gas transmitters such as NO and H2S. To oppose stress factors, NO and H2S directly involved in the modulation of physio-biochemical phenomenon correlated with minimizing the oxidative stress under stressful condition. These signaling molecules have diverse functions inside the cell, i.e., act as a plant growth regulator; therefore, it is significant to study their numerous attributes together with their biosynthetic pathways followed by biochemical (enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins) and molecular regulations (post-translational modifications, PTMs) via stress responsive proteins by the key process of nitrosylation and persulfidation that involve in minimizing the stress. The versatile roles of NO and H2S under environmental stress have also been discussed briefly. Thus, the details given here will be helpful to better understand the diverse functions of NO and H2S in microalgae and cyanobacteria under adverse conditions.

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Funding

For all the necessary laboratory facilities, the authors are thankful to the Head, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad. Garima Singh and Divya Gupta are thankful to UGC, Sanjesh Tiwari to (CSIR-UGC) New Delhi as ‘SRF (letter number 2121430412, EU-V)’ and Anuradha Patel to NFO as ‘SRF (NFO-2015-17-OBC-UTT-41056).

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  1. Garima Singh, Anuradha Patel and Sanjesh Tiwari have contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India

    Garima Singh, Anuradha Patel, Sanjesh Tiwari, Divya Gupta & Sheo Mohan Prasad

  2. Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India

    Anuradha Patel

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  1. Garima Singh
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  2. Anuradha Patel
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  3. Sanjesh Tiwari
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  5. Sheo Mohan Prasad
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Correspondence to Sheo Mohan Prasad.

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Singh, G., Patel, A., Tiwari, S. et al. Signaling molecules hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO): role in microalgae under adverse environmental conditions. Acta Physiol Plant 44, 68 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-022-03404-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-022-03404-8

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