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Antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids are involved in salt tolerance in peanut

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Abstract

To explore the possible physiological mechanism of salt tolerance in peanut, we investigated the effect of salinity on antioxidant enzyme activity, fatty acid composition, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Seedlings at the initial growth stage had been treated with 0, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM NaCl for 7 days. Results showed that fresh mass and dry mass decreased with the rise of the NaCl concentration. They decreased significantly when the NaCl concentration was more than 200 mM. The PSII’s highest photochemical efficiency (F v/F m) was not affected before treating 250 mM NaCl. However, the PSII (ΦPSII)’s actual photochemical efficiency of decreased after treating 200 mM NaCl. Both the initial fluorescence (F o) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) increased after 200 mM NaCl treatment. PSI oxidoreductive activity (ΔI/I o) was not affected before 200 mM NaCl. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased with the rise of the NaCl concentration. The activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased first and then decreased, while the content of H2O2 and O −·2 decreased first and then increased. Treated with 150 mM NaCl, the linolenic acid (18:3) and linoleic acid (18:2) of monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG), sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG) as well as phosphatidylglycerols (PG), the ratio of DGDG/MGDG increased, and the opposite results were obtained with 300 mM NaCl. The double bond index (DBI) of MGDG, DGDG, SQDG, and PG also increased after treating 150 mM NaCl. These conclusions verified that increased unsaturated fatty acid content in membrane lipid of peanut leaves could improve salt tolerance by alleviating photoinhibition of PSII and PSI.

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Abbreviations

16:0:

Palmitic acid

16:1(3t):

△3-trans-hexadecenoic

18:0:

Stearic acid

18:1:

Oleic acid

18:2:

Linoleic acid

18:3:

Linolenic acid

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

DBI:

Double bond index

DGDG:

Digalactosyldiacylglycerols

F o :

Initial fluorescence of the dark-adapted state

F m :

Maximum yield of fluorescence

F s :

Steady-state fluorescence

F v :

Variable fluorescence

F v/F m :

Maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII

F m′:

Light-adapted state

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

MGDG:

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerols

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching

O −·2 :

Superoxide anion radical

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidon

PG:

Phosphatidylglycerols

PSI:

Photosystem I

SQDG:

Sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerols

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

ΦPSII:

Actual photochemical efficiency of PSII

ΔI/I o :

PSI oxidoreductive activity

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful for financial support from the NSFC (National Natural Science Research Foundation of China) (31300205), Natural Science Research Foundation of Shandong (ZR2016JL028, ZR2013CQ009), the Science and Technology Development Projects of Shandong Province (2014GNC113005), the Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, China (2015KF01), the Opening Foundation of Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology and the Program For Scientific research innovation team in colleges and universities of Shandong Province.

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  1. Shanshan Liu and Wenqing Wang have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China

    Shanshan Liu, Wenqing Wang & Na Sui

  2. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, China

    Meng Li & Shubo Wan

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  1. Shanshan Liu
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  2. Wenqing Wang
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  3. Meng Li
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  4. Shubo Wan
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  5. Na Sui
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Correspondence to Shubo Wan or Na Sui.

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Communicated by O. Ferrarese-Filho.

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Liu, S., Wang, W., Li, M. et al. Antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids are involved in salt tolerance in peanut. Acta Physiol Plant 39, 207 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2501-y

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