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Defect Repair of Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide by Gold Nanoparticles as a p-Type Transparent Conductor

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Abstract

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is among only a few p-type transparent conductors. This article describes the use of pre-decoration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to tune the optoelectronic properties of rGO film. High-purity Au is sputtered on GO film before the thermal reduction process at 825°C in a H2/CH4 environment. For the optimum 30 s Au sputtering, a high-temperature process transformed the Au nanoballs into nanowires. These conditions resulted in the maximum hole mobility of 158.99 cm2 V−1 s−1 and the minimum sheet resistance of 325.82 Ω□−1. The degree of reduction for the rGO-Au(30s) sample was the highest, since it had the lowest optical transmittance of 0.871 and the lowest bandgap of 3.75 eV. It thus represents the best p-type transparent conductor, with a figure of merit σdc/σop of approximately 8.11. The deconvoluted Raman fit elaborates more on the elimination of defect components on the rGO samples. The integrated area ratio for several defect peaks over a pristine peak was the lowest for the rGO-Au(30s), at 3.98. The AuNPs intervened in the reduction process by repairing the lattice defects for the in-plane carbon sp2, edge, amorphous phase, and out-of-plane sp2–sp3. This was responsible for the great improvement in the carrier transport mechanism and the value of σdc/σop.

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Acknowledgments

This project was internally funded by MIMOS Bhd. The author appreciates supports from MIMOS Semiconductor Sdn Bhd on material processing and characterization.

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  1. Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Bhd, Technology Park Malaysia, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohd Faizol Abdullah

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  1. Mohd Faizol Abdullah
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Abdullah, M.F. Defect Repair of Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide by Gold Nanoparticles as a p-Type Transparent Conductor. J. Electron. Mater. 50, 6795–6803 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-021-09198-8

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