Abstract
The regeneration ability of a Tunisian barley accession originated from Kerkena islands was monitored through somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis. To prevent or to reduce normal germination, longitudinally bisected as well as base-wounded mature caryopses were cultured on a modified Chée and Pool-based medium (CP) enriched with different phytohormonal combinations. The greatest embryogenesis response was obtained when base-wounded caryopses were cultured on CP enriched with 2 mg/l chlorophenoxyacetic acid + 2.5 mg/l kinetin (76.85%). The same combination coupled to longitudinally bisected caryopses led to the embryogenic induction at the hypocotyl base of the germinated caryopses (61.9%). Embryogenic calluses differentiated into globular, heart-shaped, torpedo, and fully differentiated stages of somatic embryos on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog-based medium. Rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to soil and grown to maturity in the greenhouse and produced fertile seeds within 3 mo. On the other hand, organogenesis was achieved on CP enriched with 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 2.5 mg/l kinetin. Histological aspects and scanning electron microscopy of both regeneration methods confirmed further the embryogenic and organogenic nature of the established processes. This efficient plant regeneration system provides a foundation for generating transgenic plants and germplasm preservation of “Kerkena” barley accession.
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The authors would like to express their gratitude to Miss Affef Dababi and Dr. Anis Ben Ammar.
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Bouamama, B., Ben Salem, A., Ben Youssef, F. et al. Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis from mature caryopses of North African barley accession “Kerkena” (Hordeum vulgare L.). In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 47, 321–327 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-011-9357-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-011-9357-4