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Influence of EDTA and citric acid on lead-induced oxidative stress to Vicia faba roots

  • POTENTIALLY HARMFUL ELEMENTS IN SOIL-PLANT INTERACTIONS
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

In spite of substantial advancement in recent past, the role of metal speciation in assessing biogeochemical behaviour of Pb is still topical. Organic ligands are capable to modify Pb speciation in nutrient/soil solution and in turn its soil–plant transfer and toxicity. In this sense, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic ligands on Pb-induced oxidative stress to Vicia faba roots.

Materials and methods

V. faba seedlings grown to controlled hydroponic system were treated with 5 μM Pb as lead nitrate in the presence and absence of organic ligands viz ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA) for 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The chemical speciation of Pb (percent free and chelated Pb) in nutrient solution in the presence and absence of organic ligands was calculated using Visual Minteq speciation model. The effect of chemical speciation on Pb-induced oxidative stress to V. faba roots was investigated using plant enzymatic antioxidative system [superoxide dismutases (SOD), guaiacol peroxidise (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (CAT)]. The antioxidant enzymes activities were determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

Results and discussion

The activities of SOD, GPX, APX, and GR significantly increased whereas that of CAT decreased in V. faba roots under Pb alone treatment. Lead-induced increase/decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities was not linear but varies with treatment exposure time. EDTA dose dependently inhibited Pb-induced changes in antioxidant enzymes activities. However, CA did not cause any significant change in Pb-induced variation in antioxidant enzymes activities, but delayed or slightly reduced the Pb effect.

Conclusions

The present study suggested that physiological responses of V. faba roots to Pb toxicity vary with applied Pb form and duration of exposure. EDTA can inhibit Pb-induced toxicity to V. faba seedlings by forming stable Pb-EDTA complexes due to its high binding strength for Pb. However, CA had no effect on Pb-induced toxicity to V. faba roots due to weak complexation with Pb.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (www.hec.gov.pk) and the French Society for Export of Educative Resources (SFERE, http://www.sfere.fr/).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. de l’Agrobiopôle, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France

    Muhammad Shahid, Camille Dumat, Jérôme Silvestre, Christophe Laplanche & Eric Pinelli

  2. UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d’écologie fonctionnelle), 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France

    Muhammad Shahid, Camille Dumat, Jérôme Silvestre, Christophe Laplanche & Eric Pinelli

  3. Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, Pakistan

    Muhammad Shahid

  4. LGCgE, Equipe Sols et environnement, ISA, 48 boulevard Vauban, 59046, Lille Cedex, France

    Bertrand Pourrut

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  1. Muhammad Shahid
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  2. Camille Dumat
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Correspondence to Camille Dumat.

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Responsible editor: Jaume Bech

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Shahid, M., Dumat, C., Pourrut, B. et al. Influence of EDTA and citric acid on lead-induced oxidative stress to Vicia faba roots. J Soils Sediments 14, 835–843 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0724-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0724-0

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