Abstract
Marine sediments are complex ecosystems where structures and functions constantly change due to natural and anthropogenic influences. In this investigation, a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the bacterial communities and their functional potential of the pristine and polluted marine sediments were carried out using MiSeq. The phylum Proteobacteria was dominant in all study sites. Other phyla were Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospirae, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Tenericutes, and Chlorobi. Interestingly, about 50% of genera belong to the unclassified categories. The key genera were identified as Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomona, Idiomarina, Thalassospira, and Marinobacter, Halomonas, Planctomyces, Psychrobacter, and Vogesella. PICRUSt analysis revealed that major functions are associated with the metabolism category. Additionally, metabolism related to amino acids, carbohydrates, energy generation, xenobiotics degradation, nitrogen, sulfate, and methane were prominent. Similarly, the predicted metabolisms by COG and KEGG were observed in the microbial communities of the marine sediments. To date, a comprehensive description of the microbial life with metabolic potential in these study sites has not been investigated. This study therefore significantly adds to our understanding of the microbiome and its functional attributes of marine sediments.
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Acknowledgements
NR is grateful to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi for the INSPIRE Fellowship. The DBT-Multi-Intuitional Project, MoES Net Working Project, and UGC-BSR Faculty Fellowship to SPS are duly acknowledged. We further acknowledge the support from the UGC, New Delhi under various programs; DSA, COSIST, and CAS. Supports and infrastructural facilities under the DST-FIST are also acknowledged. The authors gratefully acknowledge the infrastructural and financial support from Saurashtra University. Further, the International Travel Grants from the SERB, DST, CSIR, and UGC to SPS for presenting research work at the international conferences held in Germany, South Africa, Australia, and Japan are also duly acknowledged.
Funding
The work was sponsored by Saurashtra University and utilized the infrastructural facilities generated through different research grants; DBT (BT/PR8269/AAQ/03/307/2006), DST-FIST (No. SR/FST/LSI-033/2006) and UGS-CAS Program (F.5–4.2012(SAP-II) of the Government of India.
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Nirali M. Raiyani carried out the experiments and data analysis. Satya P. Singh conceived the idea, designed the experiments, involved in the data analysis and preparation of the manuscript.
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Highlights
• Methods for metagenomic DNA extraction from pristine and polluted sediments developed and evaluated.
• First report on microbial diversity and functional potential of marine sediments by NGS and PICRUSt.
• Occurrence of diverse genera, while majority assigned as uncultivable.
• Potential xenobiotic degrading capability and versatile metabolic diversity in sediment microbial communities.
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Raiyani, N.M., Singh, S.P. Microbial community and predictive functionalities associated with the marine sediment of Coastal Gujarat. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 43245–43266 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25196-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25196-1