Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic and harmful pollutants to the environment and human health. Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.), an excellent ground cover plant for urban plant communities, exhibits the outstanding lead tolerance and accumulation. Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is an environmentally friendly chelating agent that strengthens phytoremediation. This study explored the effects of different NTA concentrations on the absorption and transportation of mineral elements and Pb in centipedegrass. Following exposure to Pb (500 μM) for 7 days in hydroponic nutrient solution, NTA increased root Mg, K, and Ca concentrations and shoot Fe, Cu, and Mg concentrations and significantly enhanced the translocation factors of mineral elements to the shoot. Although NTA notably decreased root Pb absorption and accumulation, it significantly enhanced Pb translocation factors, and the Pb TF value was the highest in the 2.0 mM NTA treatment. Furthermore, the shoot translocation of Pb and mineral elements was synergistic. NTA can support mineral element homeostasis and improve Pb translocation efficiency in centipedegrass. Regarding root radial transport, NTA (2.0 mM) significantly promoted Pb transport by the symplastic pathway under the treatments with low-temperature and metabolic inhibitors. Meanwhile, NTA increased apoplastic Pb transport at medium and high Pb concentrations (200–800 μM). NTA also enhanced the Pb radial transport efficiency in roots and thus assisted Pb translocation. The results of this study elucidate the effects of NTA on the absorption and transportation of mineral elements and Pb in plants and provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of the biodegradable chelating agent NTA in soil Pb remediation.
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant no. 3187030787).
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LX, MJ, SL, and JM conceived the idea of the experiment; PS and CX performed the experiment and wrote the manuscript; WW, LX, LS, and FJ contributed to the collection of the data and statistical analysis; LX and MJ revised and edited the manuscript.
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Siyi Pu and Xinyi Cai contributed equally to this work as parallel first authors
Highlights
• NTA facilitates mineral element uptake and shoot transportation of centipedegrass.
• NTA significantly improves the Pb shoot transportation of centipedegrass.
• NTA improves the Pb symplastic pathway transport in roots.
• NTA increases the contribution rates of Pb transportation through the apoplastic pathway.
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Pu, S., Cai, X., Wang, W. et al. NTA-assisted mineral element and lead transportation in Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 20650–20664 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17306-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17306-8