Abstract
The metal hexacyanoferrates with transition metal ions to replace ferric ions in the face center cubic structure of Prussian blue (PB) crystals are candidate adsorbents for radioactive cesium ions in waters. This study for the first time synthesized the shape stable poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels with immobilized metal hexacynoferrate (PB analogue) that can be stored at dry and can efficiently adsorb cesium ions from waters after rewetting. A total of eight PB analogue particles in two families M3[Fe(III)(CN)6]2 (MFe(III)) or M4[Fe(II)(CN)6]2 (MFe(II)) with M=Zn, Ni, Cu, or Co were synthesized and were immobilized in the PVA hydrogels following boric acid and sulfate crosslinking. The produced PVA-PB analogue hydrogels are all stable in shape after dry and rewet, and the rewet hydrogels can adsorb cesium ions from waters at much higher rates. As predicted by the diffusion-reaction model, the apparent reaction constants for cesium ion adsorption are 4.2×10−4 1/s, 3.4×10−4 1/s, 3.9×10−4 1/s, 4.1×10−4 1/s, 4.1×10−4 1/s, 3.8×10−4 1/s, 1.1×10−3 1/s, and 9.6×10−4 1/s, for ZnFe(III), ZnFe(II), NiFe(III), NiFe(II), CuFe(III), CuFe(II), CoFe(III), and CoFe(II), respectively. The corresponding maximum adsorption capacities based on Langmuir isotherm model at 25 °C are 232.6 mg/g, 389.0 mg/g, 193.9 mg/g, 256.8 mg/g, 388.2 mg/g, 395.1 mg/g, 297.3 mg/g, and 391.2 mg/g, respectively. The use of PVA-CoFe(III) is the candidate for enhanced Cs removal from waters comparing the use of other PB analogues as adsorbent.
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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
Technical supports from Taipei Water Department, Taipei City Government, are highly appreciated.
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The study was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) Taiwan (No. 106-2221-E-002-236-MY3).
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FHW performed experiments. YRC performed the experiments. MLC analyzed and interpreted the data. YKL interpreted the data and conducted a discussion. DJL initiated this study and wrote the initial draft.
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Wang, PH., Chang, YR., Chen, ML. et al. Shape stable poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels with immobilized metal hexacyanoferrates for cesium removal from waters. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 12427–12433 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14937-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14937-9