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Comparative studies of eco-friendly compounds like humic acid, salicylic, and glycyrrhizic acids and their nanocomposites on French basil (Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Grand verde)

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Abstract

As the green tactics for enhancing plant growth and production using naturally occurring materials are highly needed, it is important to use the nanoformulation of these materials as an attractive novel technique. Therefore, this research has been performed to evaluate the plants’ morphological traits, the qualitative parameters, and molecular genetic characteristics using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of French basil independence on growth biostimulators and their nanocomposite. The treatments included normal formulations and nanocomposite formulation of humic acid (5 mM HA), salicylic acid (1.4 mM SA), and glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt (0.4 mM GA) and control treatment (water application). The results show that foliar spray with HA, SA, GA, and their nanocomposites significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) on all vegetative growth characters, photosynthetic pigments, oil yield/plant, mineral content, and antibacterial activity as compared with control plants. Also, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) values of different samples used varied from 70.63 to 74.93%, with a significant increase compared to untreated plants. The most marked increases have been observed in treated plants with biostimulants in the nanocomposites form than in the natural form. On the other hand, GA and its nanocomposite showed variable effects on basil plants and gave the lowest increase values in all parameters than the other biostimulant but have high antimicrobial activity. For the molecular study, ten selected primers displayed a total of 288 amplified fragments scored per primer ranging from 7 to 46 fragments; 157 bands were polymorphic with 69% polymorphism. It could be concluded that humic acid and its nanocomposite are the most effective biostimulants that increased plant productivity and oil content.

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Abbreviations

RAPD:

random amplified polymorphic DNA

HA:

humic acid

HA NPs:

nanocomposite of humic acid

SA:

salicylic acid

SA NPs:

nanocomposite of salicylic acid

GA:

glycyrrhizic acid

GA NPs:

nanocomposite of glycyrrhizic acid

DNA:

deoxyribonucleic acid

DPPH:

1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

DLS:

dynamic light scattering

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Acknowledgements

We thank Professor Mahasen Sedky, Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, as that the seeds have been obtained from her.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medicinal and Aromatic plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Alia Amer

  2. Cell Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Marwa Ghoneim

  3. College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science & Technology , Giza, October 6 City, Giza, Egypt, Egypt

    Tahsin Shoala

  4. Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Heba I. Mohamed

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  1. Alia Amer
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  2. Marwa Ghoneim
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  4. Heba I. Mohamed
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Contributions

A A: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, writing — original draft of physiological data, visualization, and investigation; M G: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, and writing — original draft of molecular data; T S and HI M: validation, resources, and writing — review and editing.

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Correspondence to Heba I. Mohamed.

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Amer, A., Ghoneim, M., Shoala, T. et al. Comparative studies of eco-friendly compounds like humic acid, salicylic, and glycyrrhizic acids and their nanocomposites on French basil (Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Grand verde). Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 47196–47212 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14022-1

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