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Application of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in immobilization of Pb and Cd in soil

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Abstract

In the present study, heavy metal (HM)-tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were isolated and their performance during the remediation of Pb and Cd in contaminated soil was studied. A total of 16 bacterial strains and one consortium were isolated, and the consortium had the highest phosphate solubilizing ability and HM tolerance. Great variations between the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of consortium cells before and after adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ revealed that amide I/amide II bonds and carboxyl on the cell surface were involved in binding of metal ions. High-throughput sequencing technique revealed that the consortium was composed of Enterobacter spp., Bacillus spp., and Lactococcus spp. The consortium was added into contaminated soil, and its potential ability in dissolution of phosphate from Ca3(PO4)2 and subsequent immobilization of HMs was tested. Results showed that when Ca3(PO4)2 was applied at 10.60 mg/g soil, PSB addition significantly increased soil available phosphate content from 12.28 to 17.30 mg/kg, thereby enhancing the immobilization rate of Pb and Cd from 69.95 to 80.76% and from 28.38 to 30.81%, respectively. Microcalorimetric analysis revealed that PSB addition significantly improved soil microbial activity, which was possibly related with the decreased HMs availability and the nutrient effect of the solubilized phosphate. The present study can provide a cost-effective and environmental-friendly strategy to remediate multiple HM-contaminated soils.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported in part by grants from public welfare project of Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection (201409042, 201509049), key project from National Science Foundation of China (41430106), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41273092, U1402234), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (FRF-OT-16-022).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, and National International Cooperation Base on Environment and Energy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Zhimin Yuan, Honghong Yi, Tianqi Wang, Yiyue Zhang, Xiaozhe Zhu & Jun Yao

  2. School of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental Science and Health, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Yao

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  1. Zhimin Yuan
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  2. Honghong Yi
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  3. Tianqi Wang
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  4. Yiyue Zhang
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  5. Xiaozhe Zhu
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  6. Jun Yao
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Correspondence to Honghong Yi or Jun Yao.

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Responsible editor: Zhihong Xu

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Yuan, Z., Yi, H., Wang, T. et al. Application of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in immobilization of Pb and Cd in soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 21877–21884 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9832-5

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