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Comparison of selection methods for the establishment of a core collection using SSR markers for hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) accessions from European germplasm repositories

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Abstract

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is one of the most important tree nut crops in Europe. Germplasm accessions are conserved in ex situ repositories, located in countries where hazelnut production occurs. In this work, we used ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers as the basis to establish a core collection representative of the hazelnut genetic diversity conserved in different European collections. A total of 480 accessions were used: 430 from ex situ collections and 50 landraces maintained on-farm. SSR analysis identified 181 genotypes, that represented our whole hazelnut germplasm collection (WHGC). Four approaches (utilizing MSTRAT, Power Core, and Core Hunter’s single- and multi-strategy) based on the maximization (M) strategy were used to determine the best sampling method. Core Hunter’s multi-strategy, optimizing both allele coverage (Cv) and Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards (Dce) distance with equal weight, outperformed the others and was selected as the best approach. The final core collection (Cv-Dce30) comprised 30 entries (16.6% of genotypes). It recovered all SSR alleles and preserved parameter variations when compared to WHGC. Entries represented all six gene pools obtained from the population structure analysis of WHGC, further confirming the representativeness of Cv-Dce30. Our findings contribute towards improving the conservation and management of European hazelnut genetic resources and could be used to optimize future research by identifying a minimum number of accessions on which to focus.

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Data archiving statement

The Online Material 1 (EMS1, “xlsx” format) and Online Material 2 (EMS2, “pdf” format) are available in the Dryad Repository (https://datadryad.org/stash) as “Hazelnut SSR database: genetic profiles of the accessions, list of synonyms, and true-to-type genotypes” (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cz8w9gj45).

https://datadryad.org/stash/share/fG-4pHenR4hQ_z5G7y18b43ytHnTLpy3w-F2lFJqljk

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Acknowledgements

In memory of my dad, Ugo Boccacci (6 October 1946–19 March 2021). I thank my colleagues Giorgio Gambino, Walter Chitarra, Amedeo Moine, Luca Nerva, Floriana Nuzzo, Chiara Pagliarani, and Irene Perrone for encouraging me to finish this work.

Funding

This work was funded by AGRI GEN RES Community Program (European Commission, Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development, under Council Regulation (EC) No. 870/2004)–SAFENUT project (“Safeguard of almond and hazelnut genetic resources: from traditional uses to modern agro-industrial opportunities”), AGRI GEN RES 068.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection-National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy

    Paolo Boccacci

  2. ENEA-Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, S.M. di Galeria (Roma), Italy

    Maria Aramini & Loretta Bacchetta

  3. School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 6AR, Reading, UK

    Matthew Ordidge

  4. Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands, Wageningen Plant Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands

    Theo J. L. van Hintum

  5. Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Science, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco (Torino), Italy

    Daniela Torello Marinoni, Nadia Valentini & Roberto Botta

  6. Association Nationale Des Producteurs de Noisette (ANPN), 47290, Cancon, France

    Jean-Paul Sarraquigne

  7. Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Anita Solar

  8. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre Mas Bové, Ctra. Reus-El Morell, km 3.8, 43120, Constantí (Tarragona), Spain

    Mercè Rovira

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  1. Paolo Boccacci
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  2. Maria Aramini
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  3. Matthew Ordidge
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  4. Theo J. L. van Hintum
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  5. Daniela Torello Marinoni
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  6. Nadia Valentini
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  7. Jean-Paul Sarraquigne
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  8. Anita Solar
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  9. Mercè Rovira
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  10. Loretta Bacchetta
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  11. Roberto Botta
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Contributions

Paolo Boccacci conceived the study and written the manuscript. Paolo Boccacci, Maria Aramini, Daniela Torello Marinoni, Nadia Valentini, Mercè Rovira, Anita Solar, and Jean-Paul Sarraquigne collected vegetal material from the collection fields. Paolo Boccacci, Maria Aramini, Matthew Ordidge, and Daniela Torello Marinoni performed SSR analyses. Paolo Boccacci and Theo van Hintum performed data elaborations. Loretta Bacchetta coordinated and Roberto Botta co-coordinated the SAFENUT project. Paolo Boccacci and Matthew Ordidge revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Paolo Boccacci.

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Boccacci, P., Aramini, M., Ordidge, M. et al. Comparison of selection methods for the establishment of a core collection using SSR markers for hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) accessions from European germplasm repositories. Tree Genetics & Genomes 17, 48 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-021-01526-7

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