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Molecular genetic diversity of the Turkish national hazelnut collection and selection of a core set

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Abstract

European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an economically and nutritionally important nut crop with wild and cultivated populations found throughout Europe and in parts of Asia. This study examined the molecular genetic diversity and population structure of 402 genotypes including 143 wild individuals, 239 landraces, and 20 cultivars from the Turkish national hazelnut collection using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 30 SSR markers yielded 407 polymorphic fragments. Diversity analysis of the Turkish hazelnut genotypes indicated that they fell into three subpopulations according to ad hoc statistics and neighbor-joining algorithm. Although all cultivars clustered together, they overlapped with the wild accessions and landraces. Thus, the dendrogram, principal coordinate, and population structure analyses suggest that they share the same gene pool. A total of 78 accessions were selected as a core set to encompass the molecular genetic and morphological diversity present in the national collection. This core set should have priority in preservation efforts and in trait characterization.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, project no: 212T201).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey

    Süleyman Can Öztürk, Sami Doğanlar & Anne Frary

  2. Hazelnut Research Institute, Giresun, Turkey

    Hüseyin İrfan Balık, Selda Kayalak Balık, Gökhan Kızılcı & Ömür Duyar

  3. General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies, Ankara, Turkey

    Gökhan Kızılcı

  4. Directorate of Provincial Food Agriculture and Livestock, Ordu, Turkey

    Ömür Duyar

Authors
  1. Süleyman Can Öztürk
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  2. Hüseyin İrfan Balık
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  3. Selda Kayalak Balık
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  4. Gökhan Kızılcı
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  5. Ömür Duyar
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  6. Sami Doğanlar
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  7. Anne Frary
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anne Frary.

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Data archiving statement

Data will be available at http://plantmolgen.iyte.edu.tr/data/ upon publication.

Additional information

Communicated by Z. Kaya

Electronic supplementary material

Suppl. Table 1

(DOCX 47 kb)

Suppl. Figure 1

Map of Turkey’s Black Sea region where hazelnut accessions were collected. Light blue star: Duzce; dark green star: Kastamonu; yellow star: Sinop; green star: Samsun; blue star: Ordu; black star: Giresun; red star: cultivars; fuchsia star: Trabzon; brown star: Rize and gray star: Artvin. Erzurum (not shown) is located in eastern Anatolia region and south of Rize and Artvin. Red arrows show the area expanded in the lower map with yellow stars indicating original collection locations of accessions. (GIF 282 bytes)

High resolution image (TIFF 2759 kb)

Suppl. Figure 2

Delta K values of the Structure program outcome for each subpopulation assumption. The value of K with the highest Delta K value was chosen as the best number of subpopulations for the hazelnut accessions (K = 2). (GIF 541 bytes)

High resolution image (TIFF 19 kb)

Suppl. Figure 3

Population structure of Turkish hazelnuts based on SSR results. Each accession is represented by a vertical bar. Green sections within each vertical bar indicate membership coefficient (y-axis) of the accession to subpopulation 1 while red sections indicate membership to subpopulation 2. (GIF 10 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 149 kb)

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Öztürk, S.C., Balık, H.İ., Balık, S.K. et al. Molecular genetic diversity of the Turkish national hazelnut collection and selection of a core set. Tree Genetics & Genomes 13, 113 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-017-1195-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-017-1195-z

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